Within the lumped model platform for unsteady heat conduction, the Biot number criterion between a solid body and a surrounding fluid requires that Bi =       S V k h s < 0.1. Although not clearly stated, this holds true mostly for forced convection where the mean convective coefficient h is affected by the impressed fluid velocity. Conversely, when heat is exchanged by natural convection...

As part of the Sediment Acoustics Experiment 1999 (SAX99) several researchers measured sound speed and attenuation. Those sound speed and attenuation results have been compared to the frequency dependence predicted by Biot theory. The comparisons indicate that the variation of sound speed with frequency is well modeled by Biot theory as frequency increases, but the variation of attenuation with...

A one-sided model of the thermal Marangoni instability owing to evaporation into an inert gas is developed. Two configurations are studied in parallel: a horizontal liquid layer and a spherical droplet. With the dynamic gas properties being admittedly negligible, one-sided approaches typically hinge upon quantifying heat and mass transfer through the gas phase by means of transfer coefficients ...

We use the lubrication approximation to investigate the unsteady gravity-driven draining of a thin rivulet of Newtonian fluid with temperature-dependent viscosity down a substrate that is either uniformly hotter or uniformly colder than the surrounding atmosphere. First we derive the general nonlinear evolution equation for a thin film of fluid with an arbitrary dependence of viscosity on tempe...

BACKGROUND Estimation of serum concentrations of free testosterone (FT) and bioavailable testosterone (bioT) by calculation is an inexpensive and uncomplicated method. We compared results obtained with 5 different algorithms. METHODS We used 5 different published algorithms [described by Sodergard et al. (bioTS and FTS), Vermeulen et al. (bioTV and FTV), Emadi-Konjin et al. (bioTE), Morris et...

Incorporation of a biotinylated ruthenium tris(bipyridine) [Ru(bpy)(2)(Biot-bpy)](2+) (1) in either avidin or streptavidin-(strept)avidin-can be conveniently followed by circular dichroism spectroscopy. To determine the stepwise association constants, cooperativity, and chiral discrimination properties, diastereopure (Lambda and Delta)-1 species were synthesized and incorporated in tetrameric (...

The purpose of this paper is to develop the macroscopic model of hydro-mechanical coupling for the case of a porous medium containing isolated cracks or/and vugs . In the development we apply the asymptotic expansions homogenization method. It is shown that the general structure of Biot’s model is the same as in the case of homogeneous medium but the poro-elastic parameters are modified. Two nu...

In this paper we determine the velocity, the energy, and estimate writhe and twist helicity contributions of vortex filaments in the shape of torus knots and unknots (as toroidal and poloidal coils) in a perfect fluid. Calculations are performed by numerical integration of the Biot-Savart law. Vortex complexity is parametrized by the winding number w given by the ratio of the number of meridian...