We report the case of a 4-year-old boy who presented to our facility with an enlarged right second toe. After radiography ruled out acute pathology, an MRI showed increased adipose tissue at the distal aspect of the appendage. Although the parent felt that the appendage was unaesthetic, there was no functional issue, and further discussion with the pediatricians and pediatric surgeons eliminate...

The subungual exostosis is a benign bone tumor on the distal phalanx of a digit, beneath or adjacent to the nail, often bringing in discussion many differential diagnosis. We present a 14-year-old boy with a cutaneous nodular lesion, painful to the easy touch on the latero-internal half of the nail of right big toe with extension in the cutaneous part of this. He suffered many treatments, espec...

Objective The hand is a body part which is constantly in view thus the second toe-to-thumb transfer needs to be aesthetically pleasing. Our study measures the absolute values of second toes, big toes, thumbs and their nails with regards to their width, length and circumference and analyses the ratios of between these relative values. With this anatomical data we intend to discover a way to enha...

Diabetes has been one of the most common chronic diseases all over the world. The purpose of this study was to quantitatively assess the foot loading characteristics of diabetic patients with fifth-toe deformity through a comparative analysis with diabetic patients with healthy and normal feet. Six neuropathic diabetic female subjects with the fifth-toe deformation and six age-matched neuropath...

Although recent studies have reported that the forefoot bones are longer in sprinters than in non-sprinters, these reports included a relatively small number of subjects. Moreover, while computer simulation suggested that longer forefoot bones may contribute to higher sprint performance by enhancing plantar flexor moment during sprinting, the correlation between forefoot bone length and sprint ...

OBJECTIVE Localized low-level mechanical or electrical noise can significantly enhance tactile sensitivity in healthy young subjects and older adults. This phenomenon is termed stochastic resonance (SR). In this study, we examined the effect of SR on vibratory and tactile sensation in patients with moderate to severe diabetic peripheral neuropathy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 20 su...

The functional terminology in the foot is very misleading, because the same terms are often used for very different things. The following definitions and explanations are used here: • Plantiflexion–dorsiflexion indicate movement at the ankle. Plantiflexion is movement downwards towards the ground, and dorsiflexion upwards towards the tibia. There is also a plantiflexion–dorsiflexion movement at...