Medicinal plants have long been considered for the treatment of many diseases among Iranians and in recent years use medicinal has increased. In traditional Iranian medicine, described to eliminate kidney stones, dissolve stones or prevent stone formation. Based on results Cichorium intybus L. Biarum straussii Engl., Tribulus terrestris L., Nasturtium officinale R. Br., Alhagi camelorum Fisch.,...

TrnL-F region including intron trnL (UAA) and trnL (UAA) - trn (GAA) spacer in the large single-copy region of the chloroplast genome is widely used to infer phylogenetic relationships in plants. In this study, we obtained the trnL-F sequences from 8 samples of Arum L. in Iran. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted by the Bayesian inference, maximum parsimony, and maximum likelihood methods. The...

Pistia stratiotes (water lettuce) and Lemna (duckweeds) are the only free-floating aquatic Araceae. The geographic origin and phylogenetic placement of these unrelated aroids present long-standing problems because of their highly modified reproductive structures and wide geographical distributions. We sampled chloroplast (trnL-trnF and rpl20-rps12 spacers, trnL intron) and mitochondrial sequenc...

Background and Objectives: Listeria monocytogenes is an emerging foodborne pathogen which may be transmitted through meat and dairy products to humans. In this study, effects of Cuminum cyminum essential oil (CCEO) and Biarum carduchcorum water extract (BCWE) and a combination of the two compounds on growth of L. monocytogenes and physicochemical, textural and sensory properties of lambs were i...

In order to provide a reassessment of the Neotropical genus Pseudonannolene Silvestri, 1895, cladistic analysis, biogeographic and taxonomic review were conducted in present work. For approach, 91 morphological characters scored for 53 terminals as ingroup 10 outgroup. Three synapomorphies support monophyly genus: presence longitudinal suture on promentum, penial bases partially fused, internal...