Though Veech and Crist’s paper (Veech and Crist 2010) deals primarily with species richness, ecologists partitioning diversity generally use multiple diversity measures and compare the beta values among them (e.g., Gering et al. 2003, Summerville et al. 2003, 2006, Couteron and Pelissier 2004, Stendera and Johnson 2005, Ribiero et al. 2008). This paper therefore takes a more general perspective...

The class of  $n$-ary polygroups is a certain subclass of $n$-ary hypergroups, a generalization of D{"o}rnte $n$-arygroups and  a generalization of polygroups. The$beta^*$-relation and the $gamma^*$-relation are the smallestequivalence relations on an $n$-ary polygroup $P$ such that$P/beta^*$ and $P/gamma^*$ are an $n$-ary group and acommutative $n$-ary group, respectively. We use the $beta^*$-...

This work analyses the biodiversity of the Aspilota-group (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Alysiinae) in three Mediterranean Natural parks: Natural Park of La Font Roja, Natural Park of Las Lagunas de la Mata-Torrevieja and Natural Park of La Tinença de Benifassà. Samples were carried out from April 2004 to December 2007. In total, 822 specimens, belonging to 52 species, were collected. Alpha, beta an...

Let $f$ be a locally univalent function on the unit disk $U$. We consider the normalized extensions of $f$ to the Euclidean unit ball $B^nsubseteqmathbb{C}^n$ given by $$Phi_{n,gamma}(f)(z)=left(f(z_1),(f'(z_1))^gammahat{z}right),$$  where $gammain[0,1/2]$, $z=(z_1,hat{z})in B^n$ and $$Psi_{n,beta}(f)(z)=left(f(z_1),(frac{f(z_1)}{z_1})^betahat{z}right),$$ in which $betain[0,1]$, $f(z_1)neq 0$ a...

begin{abstract} The relations between the spectrum of the matrix $Q+R$ and the spectra of the matrices $(gamma + delta)Q+(alpha + beta)R-QR-RQ$, $QR-RQ$, $alpha beta R-QRQ$, $alpha RQR-(QR)^{2}$, and $beta R-QR$ have been given on condition that the matrix $Q+R$ is diagonalizable, where $Q$, $R$ are ${alpha, beta}$-quadratic matrix and ${gamma, delta}$-quadratic matrix, respectively, of ord...

abstract background: cultural values are invisible and relatively constant in societies. the purpose of the present study is to find diversities in cultural values of iranian and malaysian nursing students. materials and methods: convenience sampling method was used for this comparative-descriptive study to gather the data from full-time undergraduate degree nursing students in iran and malaysi...

In this paper, the new notions of ``belongingness ($in_{gamma}$)"and ``quasi-coincidence ($q_delta$)"  of a fuzzy point with a fuzzyset are  introduced. By means of this new idea, the  concept of$(alpha,beta)$-fuzzy $n$-ary subhypergroup of an $n$-aryhypergroup is given, where $alpha,betain{in_{gamma}, q_{delta},in_{gamma}wedge q_{delta}, ivq}$,  andit is shown that, in 16 kinds of $(alpha,beta...