This paper describes LEFTY, a two-view graphics editor for pictures in various contexts. This editor has no hardwired knowledge about specific picture layouts or editing operations. A picture is described by a program containing functions to draw the picture and functions to perform editing operations appropriate to the specific picture. Primitive user actions, like mouse and keyboard events , ...

Traditional theoretical models hold that avoidance reflects the interplay of Pavlovian and instrumental learning. Here we suggest that avoidance tendencies to intrinsically neutral cues may be established by mere Pavlovian association. Following fear conditioning, in which pictures of one object were paired with shock (CS) whereas pictures of another object were not (CS), CS pictures facilitate...

Primates in the laboratory often perform tasks that involve discrimination of pictures shown on computer screens. It is not clear, however, if they perceive the pictures as symbolic representations of real objects. In this study we tested the ability of two monkeys (Macaca mulatta) to categorize pictures on a computer screen. The pictures were photographs of objects from 17 categories, which we...

Perseverative responding is often seen in children's performance in a variety of contexts. One such context is symbolic comprehension in which 2- and 2½-year-olds demonstrate difficulty in appreciating the association of symbols (pictures and scale models) and their referents and show a high proportion of perseverative responding. Representational-level explanations of perseveration were explor...

It is now firmly recognized that although the majority of mammalian genome is transcribed to RNA, protein-coding transcripts occupy only a minor part of mammalian transcriptome. Instead, increasing evidence suggests that the majority of mammalian RNAs is comprised noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs). ncRNAs are a diverse class of RNAs with many subclasses involved in a wide variety of physiological functio...

Vegetarianism provides a model system to examine the impact of negative affect towards meat, based on ideational reasoning. It was hypothesized that meat stimuli are efficient attention catchers in vegetarians. Event-related brain potential recordings served to index selective attention processes at the level of initial stimulus perception. Consistent with the hypothesis, late positive potentia...