OBJECTIVE To evaluate disinfectants for domestic use for the presence of bacteria, identify them, and determine their tolerance level to benzalkonium chloride. METHODS Fifty-two samples of commercially available disinfectants for domestic use were acquired at random in the metropolitan area of São Paulo, Brazil, and analyzed to detect the presence of bacterial contaminants. The isolated organ...

OBJECTIVES Despite antibiotic prophylaxis for at-risk mothers during labour and delivery, Streptococcus agalactiae (group B Streptococcus; GBS) still causes substantial morbidity and mortality among newborns. In addition to the well-known side effects of the administration of antibiotics, resistance to drugs recommended for penicillin-allergic pregnant women, such as erythromycin and clindamyci...

We have shown that the spermicidal agent benzalkonium chloride can exert a direct inhibitory effect on the viral reverse transcriptase activity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) when utilized at concentrations of 0.05% and higher. Exposure of HIV-1 to this disinfectant at concentrations of more than 0.05% was able to completely destroy viral infectivity, as assessed on susceptible ...

The purpose of this research was to study the neutralization efficacy of a universal neutralizer proposed by the CTPA on a range of antimicrobial agents and its potential toxicity for microorganisms that are used for antimicrobial preservation testing. Several types of antimicrobial agents including a mixture of methylisothiazolinone and its 5-chloro derivative, dimethylol dimethyl hydantoin, Q...

background today, the use of cyclodextrins (cds) is a major concern in drug formulations to improve solubility and stability of compounds. it has been known that cds can reduce the antimicrobial effectiveness of preservatives by formation of inclusion complexes. objectives in this study the interaction between commonly used preservatives, benzalkonium chloride (bzcl) or methyl paraben (mp), wit...

Środki konserwujące używane w preparatach okulistycznych to związki chemiczne o działaniu bakteriobójczym. Zapewniają jałowość leku, zapobiegając przypadkowej kontaminacji mikroorganizmami i rozwojowi opakowaniu drobnoustrojów, które mogą spowodować infekcję tkanek oka, a dodatkowo zmienić właściwości fizykochemiczne substancji czynnej. W okulistyce najczęściej wykorzystywanym konserwantem jest...

Medical therapy is the first-line option in glaucoma management, with benzalkonium chloride (BAC) being the most frequently used preservative in antiglaucoma medications. Its use is however, known to be associated with deleterious effects on the ocular surface. This review is an attempt to critically evaluate whether BAC really is indispensable for better bioavailability of antiglaucoma drugs a...

Benzalkonium chloride, a surface-active preservative commonly used in eyedrop preparations, has been shown to hasten the drying of the precorneal tear film. In the rabbit, 0.01 per cent benzalkonium (the concentration usually employed as a preservative) shortened the time required for the appearance of dry spots on the corneal surface by a factor of about four. In man, an approximately twofold ...

Analysis of the effects of deoxycholate and benzalkonium chloride on granule relaxing activity, myofibril and glycerinated fiber responses to ATP, and the sensitivity of these actomyosin-containing systems to relaxing factors have established that it is possible to differentially inactivate intrinsic granule relaxing factor. It is therefore possible to use these agents to treat myofibrils and g...

Six automated instruments that measure sodium and potassium were tested for interference from two compounds used in catheters. Tridodecylmethylammonium heparin did not interfere with any of the methods. However, benzalkonium heparin falsely increased sodium measurement with the Kodak Ektachem, and falsely increased potassium measurements with three instruments (Beckman Astra, Baxter Paramax, an...