Cashew nuts are very nutritious but so well defended by caustic chemicals that very few species eat them. We investigated how wild bearded capuchin monkeys (Sapajus libidinosus) living at Fazenda Boa Vista (FBV; Piauí, Brazil) process cashew nuts (Anacardium spp.) to avoid the caustic chemicals contained in the seed mesocarp. We recorded the behavior of 23 individuals toward fresh (N = 1282) an...

Nuts have received increased attention from the public in recent years as important sources of some essential elements, and information on the levels of elements in edible nuts is useful to consumers. Determination of the elemental distributions in nuts is not only necessary in evaluating the total dietary intake of the essential elements, but also useful in detecting heavy metal contamination ...

BACKGROUND Peanuts and tree nuts frequently cause severe allergic reactions. Nut avoidance is the key treatment, and accurate identification of nuts is essential for successful avoidance. OBJECTIVES To determine the age at which nut-allergic and nonallergic children can accurately identify various nuts and whether nut-allergic children can identify nuts they should avoid. METHODS A "nut box...

Bone piays a pivotaE role in storing calciurri and phosphate in vertebrates. This tissue is maintained by the balance of bene formatien and bene resorption. Osteoblast-tineage c lls, consisting of osteoblasts, esteocytes and bone lining cells, are engaged in bone formation. Bene resorption is mediated by osteoclasts. Recent research revealed that receptor activator ofNF-KB (RANK)-RANK ligand (R...

conclusions: the overall results of the analysed samples showed that the rate of fungal contamination in pure samples was higher than roasted with salt ones (p < 0.005). results of the current survey could be useful for minimizing fungal contamination and can educate people about the dangers of mold in nuts. background: nuts are one of the main consumed snacks worldwide and a significant compon...

We investigated several cultural and environmental factors during 1977 which were thought to influence the incidence of moldy walnuts. These studies were meant to be a preliminary survey to determine potential areas of research to pursue. Results of these investigations are not to be considered as control recomnlendations since the studies represent only one year's data and especially during a ...

Since the beginning of the 1990s, increasing evidence supports beneficial effects of nut consumption on health. A new analysis of the Spanish PREDIMED trial, published in BMC Medicine, has expanded our knowledge. The study showed that individuals eating nuts more than three times per week died less often from cardiovascular disease and cancer than non-consumers. The study also adds an important...

Culture extends biology in that the setting of development shapes the traditions that individuals learn, and over time, traditions evolve as occasional variations are learned by others. In humans, interactions with others impact the development of cognitive processes, such as sustained attention, that shape how individuals learn as well as what they learn. Thus, learning itself is impacted by c...

Humans can use hand tools smoothly and effectively in varying circumstances; in other words, skillfully. A few other species of primates crack encased foods using hammer tools and anvils. Are they skilled? Positioning the food on the anvil so that it does not fall off when struck is a component of skilled cracking. We discovered that bearded capuchin monkeys deliberately place palm nuts in a re...