In order to operate a process which uses immobilized enzymes at constant conversion and constant capacity, the refreshment of the enzyme must be continuous. In this paper, two reactor types with continuous refreshment of the biocatalyst are discussed: the stirred tank and the multistage fluidized bed. A method is presented for dimensioning a reactor in such a way that the costs for the conversi...

This research evaluated the efficiency of combined anaerobic-aerobic processes for the treatment of slaughterhouse wastewater. The anaerobic reactor consists of a 3.95 L Plexiglas column with 60 mm diameter and 140 cm height. The cylindrical particles of polyvinyl chloride with 2 mm diameter and 1250 kg m-3 density packed to 60 cm of column were used as biomass saving material. The d...

The thermal flow reversal reactor (TFRR) and catalytic flow reversal reactor (CFRR) can utilize the ventilation air methane (VAM) from coal mines effectively. The initial cold feed flow mass distribution uniformity in the monolith oxidation bed, the critical part of both reactors, has a great influence on the stability of methane oxidation process and conversation rate. So the emphases are put ...

in this paper, modeling and optimization of fischer-tropsch synthesis is considered in a fixed-bed catalytic reactor using an industrial fe-cu-k catalyst. a one dimensional pseudo-homogenous plug flow model without axial dispersion is developed for converting syngas to heavy hydrocarbons. the effects of temperature, pressure, h2 to co ratio in feed stream, and co molar flow on the mass flow rat...

background and purpose:moving bed biofilm reactor is an aerobic attached growth with better biofilm thickness control, lack of plugging and lower head loss. consequently, this system is greatly used by different wastewater treatment plants. high tds wastewater produced petrochemical, leather tanning, sea food processing, cannery, pickling and dairy industries. the aim of this study was to evalu...

a linear low density polyethylene (lldpe) production process, including two- fuidized bed reactors in series (fbrs) and other process equipment, was completely simulated by aspen polymer plus software. fluidized bed reactors were considered as continuous stirred tank reactors (cstr consisted of polymer and gas phases). poly-srk and nrtl-rk equations of state were used to describe polymer and no...

MIT has been developing a conceptual design for pebble bed reactors since approximately 1998, when a student design project concluded that in order to resurrect the nuclear power industry a new, innovative approach was needed, not only in reactor design but also in construction and operation. In their quest to identify the appropriate technology several key conclusions were reached. First was t...

a solid – liquid – gas, multiphase reactor, called inverse fluidized bed bioreactor (ifbbr) was used in this study for the treatment of starch industry wastewater of high organic content and acidic nature. mixed culture obtained from the sludge, taken from starch industry effluent treatment plant, was used as microorganisms. experiments were carried out in an inverse fluidized bed bioreacto...

A new biofilm reactor for wastewater treatment, the moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR), is discussed. A general description of the reactor is given. Results from investigations of different applications (carbonaceous removal, nitrification and nitrogen removal) when used for municipal wastewater treatment, are discussed. Design values are given and it is demonstrated that use of this reactor res...

A fluidized bed reactor that is operating in the bubbling regime has been developed for the conversion of bio-oils to syngas.The reactor consists of a 7.6 cm I.D. (or internal diameter) bed, with an expanded freeboard. The volume of the reactor can be adjusted to vary the gas residence time. This reactor has been used to carry out either thermal or catalytic cracking for reforming bio-oils.A ga...