The establishment of dorsal-ventral polarity in Drosophila is a complex process which involves the action of maternal and zygotically expressed genes. Interspecific differences in the expression pattern of some of these genes have been described in other species. Here we present the expression of dorsal-ventral genes during early embryogenesis in the lower dipteran Rhynchosciara americana. The ...

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the leading cause of liver transplantation in Western countries. Studies of HCV infection using cell culture-produced HCV (HCVcc) in vitro systems require quantification of infectious HCV virions, which has conventionally been performed by immunofluorescence-based focus-forming assay with manual foci counting; however, this is a laborious and time-consuming ...

BACKGROUND Simultaneous and rapid detection of multiple foodborne bacterial pathogens is important for the prevention of foodborne illnesses. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of 16S rDNA and 23S rDNA sequences as targets for simultaneous detection of eight foodborne bacterial pathogens. METHODS Nineteen bacterial oligonucleotide probes were synthesized and applied to ...

Bone cancer pain is a common symptom in cancer patients with bone metastases and the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. The aim of this study is to explore the endogenous analgesic mechanisms to develop new therapeutic strategies for bone-cancer induced pain (BCIP) as a result of metastases. MRMT-1 tumor cells were injected into bilateral tibia of rats and X-rays showed that the area su...

Phosphatase (APase) enzymes including phytases have broad applications in diagnostic kits, poultryfeeds, biofertilizers and plant nutrition. Because of high levels of sequence diversity among phosphatases,an efficient functional screening method is a crucial requirement for the isolation of the encodinggenes. This study reports a functional cloning screening method for the iso...

AIM To investigate vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA expression in glomerular disease in the context of heavy proteinuria. METHODS Non-radioisotopic in situ hybridisation was performed using a cocktail of 12 deoxyoligonucleotides complementary to VEGF mRNA labelled during solid phase synthesis with 2,4-dinitrophenyl. Archival renal biopsies were studied from cases of minimal chan...

Whole mount in situ hybridization is one of the most widely used techniques in developmental biology. Here, we present a high-resolution double fluorescent in situ hybridization protocol for analyzing the precise expression pattern of a single gene and for determining the overlap of the expression domains of two genes. The protocol is a modified version of the standard in situ hybridization usi...

The distribution of two different molecules can be analyzed within the same embryo using the procedures described below. The protocol for combined whole mount in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry allows for simultaneous detection of mRNA and protein. The protocol for combined whole mount in situ hybridization and β-galactosidase staining allows for simultaneous detection of mRNA and tr...

We coupled 16S rDNA PCR and DNA hybridization technology to construct a microarray for simultaneous detection and discrimination of eight fish pathogens (Aeromonas hydrophila, Edwardsiella tarda, Flavobacterium columnare, Lactococcus garvieae, Photobacterium damselae, Pseudomonas anguilliseptica, Streptococcus iniae and Vibrio anguillarum) commonly encountered in aquaculture. The array comprise...

Our study aimed at investigating the effect of different molecular weight bovine collagen peptides, namely CH878, CH1370, CH2900, and CH7747 on the differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. Osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells was assessed by a series of specific assays, after culturing of cells in the presence of collagen peptides. Alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) was evaluated by NBT/BCIP...