Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy (EELS) is a powerful technique for studying Li-Ion battery materials as Li distribution in the electrode material can be mapped with nanometer scale resolution. In addition, valence state of the transition metal in the positive electrode and charge transfer during lithiation and delithiation processes can be analyzed by measuring the relative intensity of the t...

‎ In this paper, the stand-alone photovoltaic system for cathodic protection of underground pipelines is presented. The proposed system offers continuous and automatic adjustment of the applied voltage so that the buried pipelines receive the exact current. A modified perturb and observe (P&O) algorithm for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is used to improve dynamic and steady state performa...

limn2o4 spinel cathode materials have been successfully synthesized by solid-state reaction. surface of these particles were modified by nanostructured lifepo4 via sol gel dip coating method. synthesized products were characterized by thermally analyzed by thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis(tg/dta), x-ray diffraction (xrd), scanning electron microscopy (sem), and energy dispers...

The lithium-ion battery is a viable power source for hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and, more recently, electric vehicles (EVs). Its performance, especially in terms of state of charge (SOC), plays a significant role in the energy management of these vehicles. The extended Kalman filter (EKF) is widely used to estimate online SOC as an efficient estimation algorithm. However, conventional EKF ...

This paper presents the design and construction of charge controller for wind energy source. The charge controller is a small prototype that is suitable to charge small battery. The maximum charging current of the charge controller is about 7 A. The charge controller is designed using PIC 16F877A microcontroller, liquid-crystal display (LCD), silicon-controlled rectifier (SCR), rectifier diodes...

Knowledge of the charge efficiency of lead-acid batteries near top-of-charge is important to the design of small photovoltaic systems. In order to know how much energy is required from the photovoltaic array in order to accomplish the task of meeting load, including periodic full battery charge, a detailed knowledge of the battery charging efficiency as a function of state of charge is required...

In this study, a control strategy for the series hybrid electric vehicle (SHEV) powertrain, based on the design of fixed-boundary-layer sliding mode controllers (FBLSMCs) and a battery charge scenario, is presented to enhance engine efficiency as well as extend battery cycle life. An appropriate battery charge scenario is designed to remove surge charge current, keep the battery staying in a hi...

In this paper, a hardware in the loop simulation (HIL) is presented. This application is purposed as the first step before a real implementation of a Generalized Predictive Control (GPC) on a micro-grid system located at the Military University Campus in Cajica, Colombia. The designed GPC, looks for keep the battery bank State of Charge (SOC) over the 70% and under the 90%, what ensures the bes...

Battery charging and State-Of-Charge management is one of the main relevant issues for developing mobile autonomous robots. This paper presents a complete development of an battery charger for an autonomous mobile robot and a discussion of SOC estimation models. Initially a charger prototype, based on a HalfBridge DC-DC converter, was developed and tested. Furthermore, the MATLAB SimPowerSystem...

A battery-charging system for stand-alone photovoltaic (PV) applications is presented. Advantages of the proposed method are: better exploitation of the available PV energy by means of a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique employed in the control algorithm, increased battery lifetime due to higher level state of charge operation, and the charging control process does not depend on acc...