In this paper an idea for hybridization of conventional vehicles has proposed. The case study performed on one of the common vehicles on country roads i.e. Samand. This vehicle has high production volume but low fuel performance therefore hybridization of it could be attractive for its manufacture. This paper aims that the hybridization idea and its structure to need minimum mechanical modifica...

Roboticists have begun to design biologically inspired robots with soft or partially soft bodies, which have the potential to be more robust and adaptable, and safer for human interaction, than traditional rigid robots. However, key challenges in the design and manufacture of soft robots include the complex fabrication processes and the interfacing of soft and rigid components. We used multimat...

Improvements have been made to the Monte Carlo modelling used to calculate the response of the neutron survey instruments most commonly used in the UK, for neutron energies up to 20 MeV. The improved modelling of the devices includes the electronics and battery pack, allowing better calculations of both the energy and angle dependence of response. These data are used to calculate the response o...

Roboticists have begun to design biologically inspired robots with soft or partially soft bodies, which have the potential to be more robust and adaptable, and safer for human interaction, as compared to traditional rigid robots. However, key challenges in the design and manufacture of soft robots include the complex fabrication processes and the interfacing of soft and rigid components. We emp...

The reduction of cost in the process of iron manufacture is of permanent interest in steel-making industry. An important part of the overall cost in the process of iron manufacture is the cost of production of metallurgical coke. This problem is solved by finding a new technologies of iron production (COREX) or optimization of current ways of iron production. Therefore we have adopted the metho...

In the present study, a model of a large Lithium Polymer (Li-Po) battery for use in the simulation of Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) is developed. To attain this goal, an Equivalent Circuit (EC) consisting of a series resistor and two RC parallel networks is considered. The accuracy and the response time of the model for use in an HEV simulator are studied. The battery parameters identifica...

With respect to the limitations of fossil energy resources, different types of electric vehicles (EVs) are developed as suitable alternatives. Lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery cells play an extremely important role in EVs due to their unique features. But they need a thermal management system (TMS) to maintain their surface temperature uniformity and avoid them from thermal runaways. In the current...

In this paper, Plug-in Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (PFCEV) is considered with dual power sources including Fuel Cell (FC) and battery Energy Storage. In order to respond to a transient power demand, usually supercapacitor energy storage device is combined with fuel cell to create a hybrid system with high energy density of fuel cell and the high power density of battery. In order to simulate the...

Electrical energy demand is increasing from time to time. Most sources of electrical come petroleum, natural gas, and coal. Even though this source non-renewable, the amount dwindling, it produces carbon emissions that can cause greenhouse effect. Indonesia an agrarian country whose territory more than seventy percent ocean. Natural resources: seawater beach sand are certainly very abundant. In...