iranian historiography during the safavid era affected by religious upheavals and intellectual and political developments, witnessed the emergence and evolution of a new approach towards time and techniques for recording history. the most important feature of this historiography was the continuance of pre-safavid models and regulations on the one hand, and the formation of typical safavid struc...

n engl j med 365;19 nejm.org november 10, 2011 1758 over the past decade. We must do better over the next decade. EHRs can improve the safety and culture of U.S. health care, but only if the federal government, as the nation’s largest health care payer, demonstrates that it is serious about improving patient safety. Disclosure forms provided by the authors are available with the full text of th...

We sought to characterize sex-based differences in access to deceased donor liver transplantation. Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients data were used to analyze n = 78 998 adult candidates listed before (8/1997-2/2002) or after (2/2002-2/2007) implementation of Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD)-based liver allocation. The primary outcome was deceased donor liver transplantation....

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a chronic, inflammatory disease of unknown etiology. The enthesitis-related arthritis (ERA) JIA category describes a clinically heterogeneous group of children including some who have predominately enthesitis, enthesitis and arthritis, juvenile ankylosing spondylitis, or inflammatory bowel disease-associated arthropathy. ERA accounts for 10%-20% of JIA. Co...

A Library is an organized collection of resources made accessible to a defined community for reference or borrowing. It provides physical or digital access to material, and may be a physical building, or a virtual space, or both. During the last decays, the Libraries had witnessed a continuous revolution and still do. This paper reviews the main milestone of such revolution starting from the cl...

BACKGROUND Many patients undergoing bariatric surgery have severe comorbidities, including obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). We suspected that sleep apnea was underdiagnosed in our study population. METHODS A retrospective chart review of our bariatric database was conducted comparing OSA evaluation based on clinical parameters (Era 1) with mandatory OSA evaluation for all patients (Era 2). RE...

Innovations in Pharmaceutical Technology diversity – and in turn yielding stereochemically complex structures with diverse functional groups that are ideal for interacting specifically with biological target molecules. More importantly, nature has been ‘doing’combinational chemistry for aeons – not just a decade or two – and has been selecting products from this natural library that have specif...