Powderous crystalline materials of the composition Fe3−xMnxC have been prepared by first synthesizing Fe3C via mechanical alloying in a planetary mill followed by the addition of elemental manganese and arc-plasma melting or via the classic ceramic route in an electric furnace. The milling time for the synthesis of Fe3C was significantly reduced through adjusting the parameters of the planetary...

The process of ball milling and the materials that compose planetary mills are highly complex, existing research on change in ball-milling energy is not mature. theoretical model a mill was established for first time to simulate motion, collision process, transfer, temperature small balls during process. Furthermore, by comparing information with experimental data mill, motion trajectory grindi...

in this research, cuo spherical-like nanoparticles were synthesized using the planetary ball mill method. the structure, particle size and morphology of the resulting cuo nanoparticles were characterized by xrd (x-ray diffraction), sem (scanning electron microscopy) and saxs (small-angle x-ray scattering) methods. the results of this investigation showed that the smallest particles which were o...

it is always attempted to reduce the costs of comminution in mineral processing plants. one of thedifficulties in size reduction section is not to be designed properly. the key factor to design size reductionunits such as crushers and grinding mills, is ore’s work index. the work index, wi, presents the oregrindability, and is used in bond formula to calculate the required energy. bond has defi...

Oil palm biomass, namely empty fruit bunch and frond fiber, were pretreated using a planetary ball mill. Particle sizes and crystallinity index values of the oil palm biomass were significantly reduced with extended ball mill processing time. The treatment efficiency was evaluated by the generation of glucose, xylose, and total sugar conversion yields from the pretreatment process compared to t...

Mill load is an important equipment index which is closely related to operating efficiency, product quality and energy consumption of grinding process. Due to high dimension and collinearity of spectral data, mill load model has high complexity, poor interpretability and generalization. A soft sensor modeling method of mill load parameters is proposed based on frequency spectrum feature using S...

Abstract: This paper applied the concept of “contact” in Differential Geometry into the machining of the sculptured surface. I presented the contact principle of the machining of complicated surfaces, using the circumference circle of the cylindrical cutter to sweep the curved surface instead of ball-end mill. This is highly effective method. In this paper an theory for machining complicated su...

The fault parameters of ball mill was unnoticed among large amount of data, According to the phenomenon, it put forward a fault diagnosis method of rough set to optimize neural network, and by using width algorithm, so that the fault sample set of ball mill had been processed with the discrete way. Firstly, it builded a diagnosis model of rough set-neural network, the diagnosis model had practi...

Using a ball mill coal-pulverizing system as a motivating/application example, a class of complex industrial processes is investigated in this paper, which has strong couplings among loops, high nonlinearities and time-varying dynamics under different operation conditions. Focusing on such processes, an intelligent decoupling controlmethod is developed, where the effects of nonlinearities are d...