Within the next 12 months there are intellectual property deadlines looming for developing countries that could have a significant impact on their future access to medicines. These relate to the World Trade Organisation’s (WTO) Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) Agreement. This Agreement outlines the intellectual property obligations for all 144 WTO members, including...

Most policymaking attention with respect to intellectual property barriers toCOVID-19 prevention, treatment and containment has been focused on patents.This focus is reflected in the World Trade Organisation (WTO) Ministerial Decisionon TRIPS Agreement, adopted 17 June 2022, which provides a limited waiverof rules compulsory licences for production of COVID-19 vaccines. Theoriginal WTO proposal...

On December 6, 2005, shortly before the World Trade Organization (WTO) Ministerial Conference in Hong Kong, WTO member states agreed to accept a protocol of amendment to the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPs Agreement). This amendment sought to provide a permanent solution to implement paragraph 6 of the Doha Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement and Public ...

The stated purpose of intellectual property protection is to stimulate innovation. The Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) requires all Members of the World Trade Organization (WTO) to enact national laws conferring minimum standards of intellectual property protection by certain deadlines. Critics of the Agreement fear that such action is inconsistent wit...

The Pharmaceutical Industry witnessed a change after the formation of World Trade Organization (WTO) in 1995 when India, being a signatory member of WTO, adopted Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) Agreement. Indian pharmaceutical industry, being a highly fragmented one and dominated mostly by a large number of smaller enterprises, was also apprehensive when TRIPS was ...

This essay concerns the problematic of access to Covid-19 treatment at an international scale and role Intellectual Property Law. As in past outbreaks, one most raised questions is possibility patent holder’s rights being obstacle treatment. Since beginning this pandemic, Compulsory Licensing has been presented as mechanism capable guaranteeing globally rapidly. We propose analyse figure its po...

Abstract A significant issue in combatting the Covid-19 pandemic is need to enhance developing states’ access vaccines. The present paper considers request for a temporary waiver of intellectual property rights relation technologies and treatments submitted World Trade Organization analyses key argument against proposed waiver: that compulsory licensing provisions set out TRIPS Agreement are su...

The structure of global intellectual property law as incorporated in the World Trade Organization (WTO) Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) is implicated current lack COVID-19 vaccines, medical equipment, medicines and diagnostics (hereafter, ‘health-technologies’), which are needed to combat pandemic. Although equitable access vaccines moral, political econo...