introduction: purkinje cell (pc) output displays a complex firing pattern consisting of high frequency sodium spikes and low frequency calcium spikes, and disruption in this firing behavior may contribute to cerebellar ataxia. riluzole, neuroprotective agent, has been demonstrated to have neuroprotective effects in cerebellar ataxia. here, the spectral analysis of pcs firing in control, 3-acety...

Major proportion of intracellular calcium (Ca 2+ ) is achieved through opening of calcium channels present in the plasma membrane which play an important role in regulating neuromuscular coordination and release of neurotransmitters from nerve terminals. Blockade of these calcium channels adversely affect contractile process and release of neurotransmitters in majority of the neuromuscular prep...

Multiple input multiple output (MIMO) wireless systems can offer significant diversity and transmit beamforming with receive combining provides a method to achieve this diversity with simple receive processing. The maximum gains in terms of array gain and diversity, however, requires perfect channel knowledge at the transmitter. In the absence of perfect channel knowledge, the channel informati...

In the last lecture, two terms Average Delay and RMS Delay Spread were defined as below () () ∫ ∫ ∞ ∞ Φ Φ = 0 0 τ τ τ τ τ µ τ d d (1) () () () ∫ ∫ ∞ ∞ Φ Φ − = 0 0 2 τ τ τ τ µ τ σ τ τ d d c c (2) If the power density is discrete like Figure 1, the Average Delay and RMS Delay Spread for the multipath profile could be written in the following way: () () ∑ ∑ = k k k k k p p τ τ τ τ (3) () 2 2 τ τ σ...

In this paper we propose a new space diversity scheme for broadband PLC systems using orthogonal space-time block coding (OSTBC) transmission combined with single-carrier frequency-domain equalization (SC-FDE). To apply this diversity technique to PLC channels, we first propose a new technique for combining SC-FDE with OSTBCs applicable to all dispersive multipath channels impaired by impulsive...

During low-frequency firing, action potentials actively invade the dendrites of CA1 pyramidal neurons. At higher firing rates, however, activity-dependent processes result in the attenuation of back-propagating action potentials, and propagation failures occur at some dendritic branch points. We tested two major hypotheses related to this activity-dependent attenuation of back-propagating actio...

This paper proposes a model-driven deep learning (MDDL)-based channel estimation and feedback scheme for wideband millimeter-wave (mmWave) massive hybrid multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, where the angle-delay domain channels' sparsity is exploited reducing overhead. First, we consider uplink time-division duplexing systems. To reduce pilot overhead estimating high-dimensional chan...

The performance of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) system degrades significantly in doubly dispersive channels. This is due to the fact that exponential sub-carriers do not match the singular functions of this type of channels. To solve this problem, we develop a system whose sub-carriers are chirp functions. This is equivalent to exploiting Fractional Fourier Transform (F...

Cocktail parties, busy streets, and other noisy environments pose a difficult challenge to the auditory system: how to focus attention on selected sounds while ignoring others? Neurons of primary auditory cortex, many of which are sharply tuned to sound frequency, could help solve this problem by filtering selected sound information based on frequency-content. To investigate whether this occurs...