The early Miocene Murree Formation, late Miocene Nagri Formation and recent alluvium rock units are exposed in the sub-Himalayas of the Bagh area, State of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. The Bagh area was badly affected by the Kashmir earthquake of October 8th 2005 which, along the Muzaffarabad Fault, deformed both the hanging and footwall blocks. The cracks, joints, fissures and fractures i...

Background: It is the first ethno-botanical study to preserve ethno-flora of Makkra hills along with their different uses document indigenous knowledge. This enumerated and highlighted significance plants for used categories by local people in unexplored biodiversity rich region AJ&K, Pakistan. Methods: A questionnaire method was adopted conduct an ethno-medicinal study. Questionnaire were f...

On 8th October 2005 an Earthquake measuring 7.6 on the Richter scale struck Azad Jammu and Kashmir and the Northern Areas of Pakistan. The psychosocial consequences were in no way less than the massive loss of lives and property and the physical injuries and maladies that followed the disaster. A large number of health carers from across the country and around the world converged to undertake t...

Between January '85 and August '87, 22 cases of VL were seen at National Institute of Health, Islamabad. Three (14.6%) came from the previously known endemic region of Gilgit, 15 (68.1%) from different localities in Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJ&K), and 4 (17.3%) from neighbouring foci in NWFP and Punjab. Mean age of the patients was 4.2 years, (Range, 10 months to 57 years) median 2.5 years and m...

The present study is an effort to document bio-geographical distribution for Zygoptera of Pakistan. Damselflies were collected throughout the country and territory of Azad Jammu and Kashmir during 2004-2009. A total of 2692 specimens were collected yielding 9 families, 21 genera, and 48 species and subspecies. Three of these species, Libellago lineata lineata (Burmeister), Elattoneura atkinsoni...

BACKGROUND The current study aims to measure the efficiency of primary health care units completed in health sector of rural Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK) and to compare it across developed and deprived regions. METHODS Operational efficiency and beneficiary efficiency of a total of 32 Basic Health Units (BHUs) were measured through Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) by using different input and ...

The effect of altitude on species diversity and its components was recorded in Ganga Chotti and Bedori Hills District Bagh Azad Jammu and Kashmir during 1999-2000. There were 30 plant communities merged in to four plant associations on the basis of cluster analysis. The highest average species diversity was 2.70 at the base (Alt1700 m) in woodland temperate association. Then the diversity decli...

BACKGROUND After a Sudden impact disasters (SID), relief workers and coordinators require information on the size and location of the affected population as well as the character and magnitude of their immediate needs. METHODS The study was performed in the mountainous Bagh district, a part of the autonomous state of Azad Jammu and Kashmir in Pakistan. Semi-structured interviews were conducte...