Introduction: Estrogen is one of the gonadal hormones that has multiple beneficial actions in central nervous system and involves in learning and memory. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that impairs patient memory. The human nucleus basalis of Meynert (nBM) is severely affected in Alzheimer's disease. So in this study the effect of peripheral (intramuscul...

conclusions it can be concluded that the devisable memory-enhancing effects of red lentil (lens culinaris) are due to the antioxidant activity of its flavonoid, tannins, and terpenoids. background since ancient times, people have believed that certain foods or plants can affect learning and memory potency in humans. the consumption of food and beverages rich in flavonoid compounds has been prop...

a b s t r a c t introduction: diabetes mellitus is accompanied with disturbances in learning, memory, and cognitive skills in the human society and experimental animals. due to anti-diabetic and antioxidant activity of rumex patientia (rp), this research study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of chronic rumex patientia feeding on alleviation of learning and memory disturbance in streptozo...

growing evidence suggests that serotonin plays an important role in learning and memory and all its receptors might be implicated in this process. the present study aimed at investigating and comparing the possible involvement of 5-ht 3 and 5-ht 4 receptor (r) agonists/antagonists upon consolidation of inhibitory avoidance memory in the pre-limbic (pl) area. bilateral intra-pl microinjections o...

introduction: exposure to 3, 4- methylenedioxymethamphetamine (mdma) could lead to serotonergic system toxicity in the brain. this system is responsible for learning and memory functions. studies show that mdma causes memory impairment dose-dependently and acutely. the present study was designed to evaluate the chronic and acute effects of mdmd on spatial memory and acquisition of passive avoid...

background and objective: based on the effect of chronic metabolic diseases including diabetes mellitus on the learning and memory, this study was designed to assess the usefulness of administration of salvialonic acid b on lessening of learning and memory deficits in streptozotocin (stz)-diabetic rats. materials and methods: male wistar rats were allocated into control, salvialonic acid b-trea...

objective(s): calcineurin (cn) is a main phosphatase and a critical regulator of cellular pathways for learning, memory, and plasticity. the fk-506 (tacrolimus),a phosphatase inhibitor, is a fungal-derived agent and a common immune suppressant extensively used for tissue transplantation. to further clarify the role of cn in different stages oflearning and memory the main aim of this study was t...

materials and methods thirty-two adult male wistar rats were randomly allocated to four groups: normal, diabetic, normal + extract of c. mukul and diabetic + extract of c. mukul groups with free access to regular rat diet. diabetes was induced in male rats by single interaperitoneal injection of 60 mg/kg stz. after the confirmation of diabetes, 300 mg/kg c. mukul extract was orally administered...