this research was conducted to investigate spatial variability and estimate tree attributes in a plantation forest in the caspian region of iran using geostatistical analysis. sampling was performed based on a 50m?125m systematic grid in a maple stand (acer velutinum boiss) 18 years of age using circular samples of 200m2 area. totally, 96 sample plots were measured in 63 hectares and 14.25 hect...

BACKGROUND The essential oil (EO) of Artemisia vulgaris L. has been traditionally used worldwide for treating a large number of diseases. Although major components in A. vulgaris EO have been shown to inhibit growth of different cancer cells, as pure compounds or part of other plants extracted oil, no information is known about its anti-proliferative activities. Therefore, the current investiga...

AVO analysis of seismic data is based on the assumption that transitions in the earth consist of jump discontinuities only. The generalization of this type of transition to a more realistic class of transitions shows a drastic change in observed AVO behavior, especially for the large angles currently attained by increasing cable lengths. We propose a simple approach that accounts for this anoma...

The mechanisms underlying neoplastic epithelial cell killing by ionizing radiation are largely unknown. We discovered a novel response to radiation manifested by autophagy and the development of acidic vesicular organelles (AVO). Acidification of AVO was mediated by the vacuolar H+-ATPase. Staining with the lysosomotropic agent acridine orange enabled us to quantify AVO accumulation and to demo...

Abstract The Prediction of the reservoir characteristics from seismic amplitude data is a main challenge. Especially in Nile Delta Basin, where subsurface geology complex and reservoirs are highly heterogeneous. Modern characterization methodologies spanning around attributes analysis, deterministic stochastic inversion methods, Amplitude Variation with Offset (AVO) interpretations, stack rotat...

Reflection amplitude as a function of offset is effective in characterizing lithology in oil producing basins. Experience shows that AVO inversion methods based on amplitude-preserved prestack migration typically provides a more accurate lithology estimation than NMO-based AVO analysis. However, some artifacts may be introduced into the migration section, which can obscure the estimate of reser...

Measuring reflection amplitude versus offset (AVO) has proved to be effective in reservoir characterization. Experience shows that AVO inversion methods based on amplitude-preserved prestack migration typically provides a more accurate lithology estimate than NMO-based AVO analysis. However, some artifacts may be introduced into the migration section due to an undersampled acquisition geometry,...

Application of least-squares Kirchhoff migration (LSM) to synthetic reverse vertical seismic profile data (RVSP) demonstrates that LSM reduces the migration artifacts, improves the image resolution and produces a more accurate image than the standard migration, but cannot completely recover the model reflectivity for AVO analysis because of the limited data coverage. The influence of incomplete...