Several imaging modalities have been employed to examine schistosomes and monitor schistosome-induced pathology. Ultrasound is a noninvasive imaging method that has long been used in the laboratory and in the field to evaluate pathological changes, notably fibrosis, that arise as a consequence of the host response to schistosome eggs lodging in a variety of tissues. Ultrasonography has been wid...

A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms required for schistosomes to take up glucose, the major nutritional source exploited by these blood flukes from their mammalian hosts and the subsequent metabolism required to fuel growth and fecundity, can provide new avenues for developing novel interventions for the control of schistosomiasis. This aspect of parasitism is particularly import...

cercarial dermatitis or swimmers’ itch is an itchy inflammatory response to the penetration of the skin by non-human schistosome parasites. in the hot season, may to september, in khuzestan province in the south west of iran, swimming in canals and agriculture activities in swampy areas are common. this survey was made on people from villages north of ahwaz city in south west iran, to estimate ...

To date, most molecular investigations of schistosomatids have focused principally on blood flukes (schistosomes) of humans. Despite the clinical importance of cercarial dermatitis in humans caused by Trichobilharzia regenti and the serious neuropathologic disease that this parasite causes in its permissive avian hosts and accidental mammalian hosts, almost nothing is known about the molecular ...

Schistosomiasis is an important tropical disease affecting approximately 200 million people worldwide. Because of its chronicity and robust immunomodulatory activity, the effects of schistosomes on other diseases, such as allergies, autoimmunity, and infectious diseases, have been studied extensively in both epidemiological and experimental settings. In this paper, we summarize the beneficial a...

Experimental studies of parasite transmission can help to elucidate life cycles, measure the success of infective stages under different conditions, or test the efficacy of vaccination or other forms of protection against parasitic infection. By combining the results of experiments on a particular parasite taxon, one may also answer questions such as how experimental infection doses are chosen,...

Bird schistosomes and cases of human cercarial dermatitis occur worldwide, but the number of cases is not monitored. Experiments with two schistosomes, namely Trichobilharzia szidati and T. regenti, show that they possess potent tools to penetration bird and mammalian skin, as well as exhibit species-specific migration patterns within vertebrate bodies. Therefore, the infections may affect diff...

skin test trials with standards s. mansoni antigen have been undertaken inn iran to determine the reliability of this method for the misdiagnosis of urinary bilharziasis and the factors which interfere with the results obtained, such as the presence of animal schistosomes and human infection with intestinal helminthiasis.five groups of people, namely, known infected caws of urinary bilharziasis...

Schistosomes have a well developed nervous system that coordinates virtually every activity of the parasite and therefore is considered to be a promising target for chemotherapeutic intervention. Neurotransmitter receptors, in particular those involved in neuromuscular control, are proven drug targets in other helminths but very few of these receptors have been identified in schistosomes and li...