PURPOSE To determine by objective methods the minimum number of spectral-domain optical coherence tomographic (SD-OCT) images to average to obtain the clearest retinal image. METHODS SD-OCT Images were obtained from 9 healthy eyes and also from a phantom eye model. The SD-OCT images were obtained by averaging 1, 5, 20, 60, and 100 B-scan images. The reflectivity (mean gray value) of the diffe...

PURPOSE To assess whether a correlation exists between optic nerve fiber layer (NFL) thickness and the retinal or visual pathway function in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients previously affected by optic neuritis. METHODS Fourteen patients with a diagnosis of definite MS were examined. All had been affected by optic neuritis (MSON) with complete recovery of visual acuity (14 eyes included in s...

 Contribution change of factor costs analysis may help managers in decision making and in adjusting to changes. Over the last two decades, production and enhancement of kutum fingerlings have increased in Iran, reaching to more than 229 million fingerlings by 2005, but declined to 187 million from 2005 to 2008. Over the years 2002-2006, a study of fingerling production costs for kutum fish was ...

Due to increase in the number of goods carrying tricycles, the amount of noise and pollution on our roads has increased. To optimize the control of the engine noise emission for tricycle, different absorptive material liners have been introduced into muffler design. In this study, the performance of Aerogel, Ceramic, Kenaf fibre, Polyester and Rockwool as absorptive material liners on the trans...

Story in Brief Seasonal differences and growth rates were studied on 60 Hereford and Angus bulls born in the spring and fall calving seasons at Oklahoma State University. Hip height, scrotal circumference and weight measurements were taken over the two IO-month experiments. Season of birth had no influence on scrotal circumference for either Hereford or Angus bulls. Season of birth in Angus bul...

Abstract This paper is intended for a general mathematical audience. The examples show how the study of existence fixed points averaged mappings $$T_{\lambda }= (1-\lambda )I+ \lambda T$$ T ? = ( 1 - <mm...