background and objectives: nowadays herbicide reduction and different approaches leading to this goal like split application have been brought to attention. at split application, recommended or reduced doses divided in such a way which half of dose applied at one growth stage and the other half will use at next growth stage and finally all used doses are equal to recommended or any other reduce...

Wheat (Triticum aestivum) is a globally significant crop and staple food for millions of people. Weed infestation one the major constraints affecting wheat productivity worldwide. The purpose this study was to assess efficiency Carfentrazone ethyl 5% + Clodinafop propargyl 15% DF as post-emergence herbicide against predominant weeds in crops. constraint productivity. conducted using Randomized ...

eleven populations of five avena species were analysed for meiotic characters including chiasma frequency and distribution as well as chromosomal association and segregation. plants of a single population of a. eriantha showed the presence of 2n = 14 (diploid) and 2n = 4x = 28 chromosome number. populations of a. barbata and a. wiestii possessed n = 14, while populations of a. sterilis ssp. lud...

this research was conducted to assess the effects of management and environmental factors on the weed species richness of winter crops in ilam province. in order to recognize the weed species, three counties were selected based on the type of climate in 2011-2012. according to the cultivated areas of winter crops in each county, 48 fields were chosen and demographic information was calculated b...

Allelopathic effect of apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) root on some crops and weeds was investigated in two independent experiments. First, the effect of concentrations aqueous extract of apricot root (AAR) was assayed on the seed germination of Cicer arietinum L., Phaseolus vulgaris L., Triticum aestivum L., Zea mays L., Amaranthus retroflexus L., Secale cereal L., and Avena ludoviciana Durieu. ...

Wild oat has two seeds in a spikelet that they have different physiological behavior in regard of  seed germiantion. The upper seed of spikelet is smaller and has deeper dormancy than the lower seed. The range of temperature for germination is  5˚C  to  25 ˚C  and optimal temperature is 15˚C. Both kinds of seeds showed the more  germination rate in low temperatures so that 5 and 10˚C are better...

In this article, we analyzed the origin of wild polyploid oats (Avena L., Poaceae) using region 18S rDNA (partially)–ITS1–5.8S obtained via NGS. There are six tetraploid (2n = 28) and four hexaploid 42) species differing by specific genome combinations: A. barbata, vaviloviana (AB), agadiriana (AB or BB), magna, murphyi, insularis (AC CD), ludoviciana, sterilis, fatua, occidentalis (ACD). We co...