Abstract Hairy root cultures are an efficient tool for the biotechnological production of plant metabolites and a convenient experimental model analyzing effect various compounds on metabolism. In contrast to many other types in vitro cultures, hairy roots do not require external supply phytohormones medium. Consequently, growth regulators such as auxins cytokinins rarely used elicitors culture...

Micropropagation of potato in vitro by periodic cutting plants and passaging them to new nutrient media is the most common approach obtaining large volumes planting material mini-tuber production systems. The article summarizes research data on effect gibberellic acid, auxins, cytokinins rate plant growth internode formation microplants . According results published scientific literature, great...

Adventitious rooting (AR) is a multifactorial response leading to new roots at the base of stem cuttings, and the establishment of a complete and autonomous plant. AR has two main phases: (a) induction, with a requirement for higher auxin concentration; (b) formation, inhibited by high auxin and in which anatomical changes take place. The first stages of this process in severed organs necessari...

The homosporous fern Ceratopteris richardii exhibits a homorhizic root system where roots originate from the shoot system. These shoot-borne roots form lateral roots (LRs) that arise from the endodermis adjacent to the xylem poles, which is in contrast to flowering plants where LR formation arises from cell division in the pericycle. A detailed study of the fifth shoot-borne root showed that on...

this review article investigates a comprehensive description of the factors, methods, strategies, approaches and prerequisites influencing in vitro micropaopagation and the amount of their use across the world. the findings presented here are the results of the study of several hundred papers published all over the world. tissue culture techniques are routinely used for micropropagation. enhanc...

Abstract Auxins play an important role in plant physiology and are involved numerous aspects of development, such as cell division, elongation differentiation, fruit phototropic response. In addition, through their antagonistic interaction with cytokinins, auxins a key the regulation root growth apical dominance. Thanks to this capacity determine architecture, natural synthetic have been succes...

Previous studies have identified that auxins acts upstream of nitric oxide in regulating iron deficiency responses in roots, but the upstream signaling molecule of auxins remains unknown. In this study, we showed that Fe deficiency increased sucrose (Suc) level in roots of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Exogenous application of Suc further stimulated Fe deficiency-induced ferric-chelate-re...

Since the synthesis of 2,4-D, a number of other synthetic auxins have become commercially available. Although these products are referred to as growth regulators or phytohormones (previously known as plant hormones), they really represent only one group of growth regulators, the auxins. Auxins can be divided into six major groups; indole acids, naphthalene acids, phenoxy carboxylic acids, benzo...

While the levels of free auxins in maize (Zea mays L.) roots during arbuscular mycorrhiza formation have been previously described in detail, conjugates of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) with amino acids and sugars were neglected. In this study, we have therefore determined free, ester and amide bound auxins in roots of maize inoculated with Glomus intraradices durin...

The curvature of citrus petals was studied, using petals implanted in an agar-sucrose medium. Applications of indoleacetic acid and p-chlorophenoxyisobutyric acid and determinations of endogenous auxins indicate that the bending of citrus petals is an auxin-mediated process.