The isotope composition of water vapour: A powerful tool to study transport and chemistry of middle atmospheric water vapour Ch. Bechtel and A. Zahn Institut für Umweltphysik, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Germany Received: 11 June 2003 – Accepted: 16 July 2003 – Published: 28 July 2003 Correspondence to...

Molten I-type cosmic spherules formed by heating, oxidation and melting of extraterrestrial Fe,Ni metal alloys. The entire oxygen in these spherules sources from the atmosphere. Therefore, I-type cosmic spherules are suitable tracers for the isotopic composition of the upper atmosphere at altitudes between 80 and 115 km. Here we present data on I-type cosmic spherules collected in Antarctica. T...

MACC-II,III, Monitoring Atmospheric Composition and Climate, is the current pre-operational Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS). It provides data records on atmospheric composition for recent years, present conditions and forecasts (a few days ahead). To support the quality assessment of the CAMS products, the EU FP7 project Network Of ground-based Remote-Sensing Observations (NORS)...

Long distance atmospheric transport of bacterial cells is often implied as a driver of the apparent cosmopolitan distribution of bacterial taxa. Surprisingly, efforts to measure immigration in bacterial communities are rare. An 8-week time series of within-lake bacterial community composition and atmospheric deposition rates and composition were used to estimate the influence of immigration on ...

Photochemical smog is the result of complex chemistry taking place when sunlight irradiates the atmosphere laden with organic gases and nitrous oxides. High temperatures and bright sun light favour photochemical smog. The secondary pollutants, formed from the organic gases and nitrous oxides, are more aggressive and dangerous as the first pollutants. Secondary pollutants are O3, organic nitrate...

Vehicular fuel composition and atmospheric emissions in South China: Hong Kong, Macau, Guangzhou, and Zhuhai W. Y. Tsai, L. Y. Chan, D. R. Blake, and K. W. Chu Department of Civil and Structural Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA Received: 7 February 2006 – Accepted: 9 March 2006 – Publi...

Atmospheric CO2 concentrations appear to have been considerably higher than modern levels during much of the Phanerozoic and it has hence been proposed that surface temperatures were also higher. Some studies have, however, suggested that Earth's temperature (estimated from the isotopic composition of fossil shells) may have been independent of variations in atmospheric CO2 (e.g. in the Jurassi...

Article history: Received 7 April 2011 Received in revised form 17 September 2011 Accepted 18 September 2011 Is wind direction an adequate marker of air mass history? This review looks at the evolution of methods for assessing the effect of the origin and pathway of air masses on composition change and trends. The composition of air masses and how they evolve and the changing contribution of so...

Compared with other industrial processes, carbon capture and storage (CCS) will have an unusual impact on atmospheric composition by reducing the CO(2) released from fossil-fuel combustion plants, but not reducing the associated O(2) loss. CO(2) that leaks into the air from below-ground CCS sites will also be unusual in lacking the O(2) deficit normally associated with typical land CO(2) source...