BACKGROUND Biphasic pulses produced by most commercially available TMS machines have a cosine waveform, which makes it difficult to study the interaction between the two phases of stimulation. OBJECTIVE We used a controllable pulse TMS (cTMS) device delivering quasi-rectangular pulse outputs to investigate whether monophasic are more effective than biphasic pulses. METHODS Temporally symmet...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of two stimulation waveforms on healing rates in patients with diabetes and open ulcers. The hypothesis was that stimulus waveforms with minimal polar characteristics would provide significant healing for this patient sample. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This was a prospective study that enrolled 80 patients with open ulcers. Patients received stimulation with...

Correspondence to: Dr John M Morgan, Southampton University Hospitals, Southampton, SO16 6UY, UK; jmm@ cardiology.co.uk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I n a previous issue of Heart, Scholten and colleagues presented data to show that a biphasic external atrial defibrillation shock waveform offers no significant advantage over a monophasic shock waveform in current clinical practi...

BACKGROUND The use and popularity of the biphasic waveform defibrillator as a replacement for the monophasic waveform defibrillator are increasing, but it is unclear whether this can improve the rate of survival among out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients. This study aimed to verify the hypothesis that the outcome of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients who received defibrillation shock wi...

Background—We tested the hypothesis that the shape of the shock waveform affects not only the defibrillation threshold but also the amount of cardiac damage. Methods and Results—Defibrillation thresholds were determined for 11 waveforms—3 ascending-ramp waveforms, 3 descending-ramp waveforms, 3 rectilinear first-phase biphasic waveforms, a Gurvich waveform, and a truncated exponential biphasic ...

OBJECTIVE To estimate the effect of portal pressure lowering drug 'octreotide', by observing the Doppler waveform before and after the administration of intravenous bolus of octreotide and thus to assess indirectly its efficacy to lower the portal pressure. METHODS This quassi experimental study was carried out in Medical Department in collaboration with Radiology Department of Jinnah Postgra...

BACKGROUND We tested the hypothesis that the shape of the shock waveform affects not only the defibrillation threshold but also the amount of cardiac damage. METHODS AND RESULTS Defibrillation thresholds were determined for 11 waveforms-3 ascending-ramp waveforms, 3 descending-ramp waveforms, 3 rectilinear first-phase biphasic waveforms, a Gurvich waveform, and a truncated exponential biphasi...

BACKGROUND The passive implantable atrial defibrillator (PIAD) (with no battery or discharging capacitor and powered transcutaneously by radio-frequency energy) delivering a novel monophasic low-tilt waveform is more efficacious than the standard monophasic waveform at atrial defibrillation. Standard biphasic (STB) waveforms, however, are more efficacious and safer than monophasic waveforms. Th...