OBJECTIVES Arsine, a potent hemolytic agent, is widely used in the semiconductor industry. We report a case of arsine poisoning confirmed by arsenic speciation analysis in serum and urine that occurred in a recycling factory. CASE A male worker in his twenties noticed hematuria 3 h after finishing work and was admitted into our hospital 34 h later. Speciation analysis of arsenics in serum and...

Environmental contamination of arsenic (As) and its accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.) is of serious human health concern. In planta speciation of As is an important tool to understand As metabolism in plants. In the present study, we investigated root to shoot As translocation and speciation in rice exposed to inorganic and methylated As. Arsenate (AsV) and methylarsonate (MAV) were effici...

Arsenic is an abundant toxicant in ground water and soil around areas with extractive industries. Human epidemiological studies have shown that arsenic exposure is linked to developmental defects and miscarriage. The placenta is known to utilize vasculogenesis to develop its circulation. The hypothesis tested here states the following: arsenic exposure causes placental dysmorphogenesis and defe...

Due to its toxicity as a carcinogen and wide distribution in the environment, arsenic (As) exposure in humans is of public concern globally. Many studies have manifested that As exposure induces cancers besides pathological effects in humans. Animal studies showed that chronic As exposure induces serious neurological effects. Based on recent studies, researchers proposed that As, including arse...

The two forms of inorganic arsenic, arsenate (AsV) and arsenite (AsIII), are easily taken up by the cells of the plant root. Once in the cell, AsV can be readily converted to AsIII, the more toxic of the two forms. AsV and AsIII both disrupt plant metabolism, but through distinct mechanisms. AsV is a chemical analog of phosphate that can disrupt at least some phosphate-dependent aspects of meta...

We report the association of levels of urinary arsenic (As) compounds (arsenite (AsIII), arsenate (AsV), monomethylarsonic acid (MMAV), dimethylarsinic acid (DMAV), and arsenobetaine (AB)) with genetic polymorphisms of candidate genes, glutathione S-transferase omega 1 (GSTO1) and 2 (GSTO2), mu 1 (GSTM1), and theta 1 (GSTT1), arsenic (+3 oxidation state) methyltransferase (AS3MT), methylenetetr...

In order to construct a more universal model for understanding the genetic requirements for bacterial AsIII oxidation, an in silico examination of the available sequences in the GenBank was assessed and revealed 21 conserved 5-71 kb arsenic islands within phylogenetically diverse bacterial genomes. The arsenic islands included the AsIII oxidase structural genes aioBA, ars operons (e.g., arsRCB)...

Arsenic (As)-resistant bacteria are abundant in the rhizosphere and tissues of As-hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata. However, little is known about their roles in As transformation and As uptake in P. vittata. In this study, the impacts of P. vittata tissue extracts with or without surface sterilization on As transformation in solutions containing 100 μg L-1 AsIII or AsV were investigated. After ...

Arsenic (As) poses a threat to human health. In 2014, more than 200 million people faced arsenic exposure through drinking water, as estimated by the World Health Organization. Additionally, it is that water with proper microbiological quality unavailable for 1 billion people. The present work analyzed solar heterogeneous photocatalytic (HP) process arsenite (AsIII) oxidation and coliform disin...

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) feeds ∼3 billion people. Due to the wide occurrence of arsenic (As) pollution in paddy soils and its efficient plant uptake, As in rice grains presents health risks. Genetic manipulation may offer an effective approach to reduce As accumulation in rice grains. The genetics of As uptake and metabolism have been elucidated and target genes have been identified for genetic e...