We present first-generation and total production yields of glyoxal, methylglyoxal, glycolaldehyde, and hydroxyacetone from the oxidation of isoprene, methyl vinyl ketone (MVK), and methacrolein (MACR) with OH under high NOx conditions. Several of these first-generation yields are not included in commonly used chemical mechanisms, such as the Leeds Master Chemical Mechanism (MCM) v. 3.2. The fir...

[1] We construct global budgets of atmospheric glyoxal and methylglyoxal with the goal of quantifying their potential for global secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation via irreversible uptake by aqueous aerosols and clouds. We conduct a detailed simulation of glyoxal and methylglyoxal in the GEOS-Chem global 3-D chemical transport model including our best knowledge of source and sink process...

Chamber studies of glyoxal uptake onto ammonium sulphate aerosol were performed under dark and irradiated conditions to gain further insight into processes controlling glyoxal uptake onto ambient aerosol. Organic fragments from glyoxal dimers and trimers were observed within the aerosol under dark and irradiated conditions. Glyoxal monomers and oligomers were the dominant organic compounds form...

Calcium oxalate kidney stones are a common condition affecting many people in the United States. The concentration of oxalate in urine is a major risk factor for stone formation. There is evidence that glyoxal metabolism may be an important contributor to urinary oxalate excretion. Endogenous sources of glyoxal include the catabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Here, we review all the...

Previous experiments demonstrated that aqueous OH radical oxidation of glyoxal yields low-volatility compounds. When this chemistry takes place in clouds and fogs, followed by droplet evaporation (or if it occurs in aerosol water), the products are expected to remain partially in the particle phase, forming secondary organic aerosol (SOA). Acidic sulfate exists ubiquitously in atmospheric water...

The wet strength of handsheets subjected to dipping treatment by solutions such as glyoxal with Zn(NO3)2 as a catalyst, chitosan, and the crosslinking system of glyoxal and chitosan is studied in this paper. The crosslinking system achieved better wet strength performance than glyoxal or chitosan alone and slightly better than the sum of glyoxal and chitosan in the case of a curing temperature ...

The stromelysin-1 catalytic domain(83-247) (SCD) is stable for at least 16 h at pHs 6.0-8.4. At pHs 5.0 and 9.0 there is exponential irreversible denaturation with half lives of 38 and 68 min respectively. At pHs 4.5 and 10.0 irreversible denaturation is biphasic. At 25°C, C-terminal truncation of stromelysin-1 decreases the stability of the stromelysin-1 catalytic domain at pH values >8.4 and ...

We present an algorithm for the retrieval of glyoxal from backscattered solar radiation, and apply it to spectra measured by the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI). The algorithm is based on direct spectrum fitting, and adopts a two-step fitting routine to account for liquid water absorption. Previous studies have shown that glyoxal retrieval algorithms are highly sensitive to the position of th...

A pulsed, tunable dye laser has been used to escite the O-O band of cis~glyoxal near 4875 A, at pressures from 30 to I50 mtorr, Fluorescence was resolved through a spectrometer and lifetines measured. Rate constants for the quenching of the vibrationless levels of the first excited singlet states of cisand frans.glyoxal ‘uy argon, cyclohexane and glyoxal are presented. Quenching rates of cis-gl...

glyoxal (or like substance) in human milk, while he has since been doubting if pyruvic acid does ever play any all-important role in the disease.3) But some pediatricians want to ignore his theory, as, since the Embden-Meyerhof scheme of carbohydrate metabolism became known, pyruvic acid has come into favor, while methyl glyoxal seems to have lost in favor. I am inclined to say that our Clinic ...