Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a major economic pest throughout the Western Hemisphere. Populations can be subdivided into two morphologically identical but genetically distinct strains (corn-strain and rice-strain) that differ in their host plant preferences. These strains can be distinguished by using polymorphisms in the mitochondrial cytochrom...

Male and female true armyworm moths, Pseudaletia unipuncta (Haworth), were captured in traps baited with the combination of acetic acid and 3-methyl-1-butanol and placed near fields of corn ( Zea mays ). In a comparison of these chemicals presented individually and together, significantly greater numbers of moths were captured in traps baited with acetic acid and 3-methyl-1-butanol, compared to...

Cotton at three stages of crop phenological development was infested with eggs and third instar larvae of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), to determine the effect of larval feeding on fruit damage and yield. Regression analyses indicated that numbers of damaged squares and bolls were significantly (P @ 0.05) influenced by the number of egg masses and third instars placed o...

Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), infestations in most of North America arise from annual migrations of populations that overwinter in southern Texas and Florida. Cytochrome oxidase I haplotype profiles within the fall armyworm corn strain, the subgroup that preferentially infests corn (Zea mays L.), can differentiate the Texas and Florida populations....

Growth and development of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), were compared in two laboratory trials between individuals oered transgenic maize seedlings, conventional maize seedlings, or artificial diet. Transgenic maize seedlings in the first and second trials expressed Cry9C (Event CBH 351) and Cry1A(b) (Event MON 810) Bacillus thuringiensis (Berliner) (Bt) endotoxin genes, r...

The beet armyworm Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is difficult to control using chemical insecticides because of the development of insecticide resistance. Several pest control agents are used to control the beet armyworm. Entomopathogenic fungi are one of the candidates for eco-friendly pest control instead of chemical control agents. In this study, among various entomopathogenic fu...

The fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda, J.E. Smith) is a noctuid moth that is a major and ubiquitous agricultural pest in the Western Hemisphere. Infestations have recently been identified in several locations in Africa, indicating its establishment in the Eastern Hemisphere where it poses an immediate and significant economic threat. Genetic methods were used to characterize noctuid specimen...

Insect myosuppressins are a highly conserved sub-family of peptides which are primarily characterized by the ability to suppress contraction of visceral muscles in a variety of insect species. We have isolated a cDNA from the true armyworm, Pseudaletia unipuncta, that encodes a prohormone containing a peptide identical to ManducaFLRFamide. We have shown that this myosuppressin gene appears to b...

Nine pharmaceutical inhibitors of eicosanoid biosynthesis (e.g., bromophenacyl bromide, clotrimazole, diclofenamic acid, esculetin, flufenamic acid, indomethacin, nimesulide, sulindac, tolfenamic acid) that increased the susceptibility of the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (L.), to the nucleopolyhedrovirus LdMNPV were tested against the beet armyworm Spodoptera exigua (Hübner), the corn earworm H...

Water deÞcit and shade stress in weed-infested crops could alter plant growth and biochemistry and feeding and oviposition by the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exiguaHübner. Palmer amaranthpigweed,Amaranthus palmeriS.Wats.,was grownunder 25%of fullwatering(waterdeÞcit), 30% of full light (shade), or combined stress. All treatments decreased plant height andweight. Shade and combined stresses decrea...