Objective—To determine whether protective headgear reduced the incidence of concussion in a pilot study of under 15 rugby union. Methods—Sixteen under 15 rugby union teams were recruited from three interschool competitions in metropolitan Sydney and the adjacent country region. A prospective study was undertaken over a single competitive season. The study had two arms: a headgear arm and a cont...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether protective headgear reduced the incidence of concussion in a pilot study of under 15 rugby union. METHODS Sixteen under 15 rugby union teams were recruited from three interschool competitions in metropolitan Sydney and the adjacent country region. A prospective study was undertaken over a single competitive season. The study had two arms: a headgear arm and a co...

The RoboCup Rescue Robot and Simulation competitions have been held since 2000. The experience gained during these competitions has increased the maturity level of the field, which allowed deploying robots after real disasters (e.g. Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster). This article provides an overview of these competitions and highlights the state of the art and the lessons

We identify aspects of computing competition formats as they relate to the purpose of these competitions, both stated and tacit. We consider the major international competitions – the International Olympiad for Informatics, the ACM International Collegiate Programming Contest, and top coder – and related contests whose format merits consideration. We consider the operational impact and possible...

The M3-Competition continues to improve the design of forecasting competitions: It examines more series than any previous competition, improves error analyses and includes commercial forecasting programs as competitors. To judge where to go from here, I step back to look at the M-Competitions as a whole. I discuss the advantages of the M-Competitions in hopes that they will be retained, describ...

This paper presents results from a research project studying prequalification for restricted developer competitions aimed at housing in Sweden. The methodology includes an inventory of competitions, case studies, document reviews, and interviews with members in the organizers’ selection committees. The case studies comprise three restricted developer competitions in Danderyd, Nacka, and Trelleb...

This paper studies competitions with rank-based reward among a large number of teams. Within each sizable team, we consider mean-field contribution game in which team member contributes to the jump intensity common Poisson project process; across all teams, mean field competition is formulated on rank completion time, namely time process, and paid based its ranking. On layer teamwise game, thre...

Mathematics competitions, together with the people and organizations engaged with them, form an immense and vibrant global network today. This network has many roles. Competitions help identify students with higher abilities in mathematics. They motivate these students to develop their talents and to seek professional realization in science. Competitions have positive impact on education and on...

Trust modelling is a challenging issue due to the dynamic nature of distributed systems and the unreliability of self-interested agents. In this context, the Agent Reputation and Trust (ART) Testbed has been used to compare trust models in two Spanish competitions in 2006 and 2007 and several international competitions. In this paper we describe the model we have presented to the Spanish compet...