Eric S. Raymond’s (1999) influential essay The Cathedral and the Bazaar paints contrasting pictures of the orderly, hierarchically controlled programs of planning and execution that built the great cathedrals of Europe, on the one hand, and, on the other, the ferment and seeming chaos of the bazaar. The latter then is offered as a metaphor for the mode through which free/libre and open source s...

Redesigning Bazaar Physical Structure According to its Dealing Culture Structure Case Study: Arab Bazaar in Ahvaz City The Bazaar physical structure is formed from the arrangement syntax of division units, Interfaces, joints and boundaries to each other and the Arabic Bazaar also follows this example. This structure is the result of arrangement syntax of division units with linear pattern a...

This study aims to make students have an independent character, discipline and responsibility in the digital era through Monthly Bazaar. The method used this research was Mixed Method with a sequential exploratory strategy. strategy involves collecting analyzing quantitative data second stage based on results of first stage. Weights / priorities are more likely be stage, mixing process between ...

since the energy consumption has become one of the crisis of modern buildings, modeling the iranian past architecture patterns could be helpful. the shopping streets as one of the main sectors consuming energy locate near the open spaces it seems, therefore, they need more thermal comfort. however, using passive techniques, the iranian traditional bazaars architecture solved the problems regard...

the increase of incomes in irans endowents (waqfs) could have an outstanding role in providing a part of public services needed in the society and betterment of income distribution and as a result endowers and benefactors would play a part in meeting greater portion of these services. materializing this objective requires an all-out development of endowment (waqt) services as wall as better ope...

Online marketplaces are now a popular way for users to buy and sell goods over the Internet. On these sites, user reputations—based on feedback from other users concerning prior transactions—are used to assess the likely trustworthiness of users. However, because accounts are often free to obtain, user reputations are subject to manipulation through white-washing, Sybil attacks, and user collus...