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Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been under scientific investigation for more than fifteen years because of their unique properties that predestine them for many potential applications. The field of nanotechnology and nanoscience push their investigation forward to produce CNTs with suitable parameters for future applications. It is evident that new approaches of their synthesis need to be develope...

The formation of novel structures by the passage of an electric current through graphite is described. These structures apparently consist of hollow three-dimensional graphitic shells bounded by curved and faceted planes, typically made up of two graphene layers. The curved structures were frequently decorated with nano-scale carbon particles, or short nanotubes. In some cases, nanotubes were f...

Fullerenes, a new form of carbon, were discovered in 1985 [1] in graphite vaporization under inert gas at low pressure. Fullerenes have many properties different from either diamond or graphite. Potential applications include superconductors, sensors, catalysts, optical and electronic devices, polymer composites, high-energy fuels and biological and medical materials. But wide application of fu...

We have carried out comparative studies on transparent conductive thin films made with two kinds of commercial carbon nanotubes: HiPCO and arc-discharge nanotubes. These films have been further exploited as hole-injection electrodes for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) on both rigid glass and flexible substrates. Our experiments reveal that films based on arc-discharge nanotubes are overwh...

carbon nanotube, a new structure of carbon element, is composed of graphene sheets rolled into closed concentric cylinders with diameter of the order of nanometers and length of micrometers. liquid arc discharge was used for fabrication of carbon nanotubes, and subsequently a modified acid treatment method applied for purification stage. a statistical design of experimental (doe) (taguchi metho...

A simple, inexpensive and one-step synthesis route of Ag-TiO2 nanoparticles by arc discharge method isreported. The resulting nanoparticles were characterized using X-ray diffraction and scanning electronmicroscopy. X-ray diffraction patterns demonstrate dominance of rutile to anatase phase in TiO2 andformation of silver metal on TiO2 after arc discharge process. Scanning electron microscopy im...

Electrostatic discharges occur naturally as lightning strokes, and artificially in light sources and in materials processing. When an electrostatic discharge interacts with living matter, the basic physical effects can be accompanied by biophysical and biochemical phenomena, including cell excitation, electroporation, and electrofusion. To study these phenomena, we developed an experimental sys...

A pulsed arc heater was designed and manufactured at Centrospazio to equip a new hypersonic high-enthalpy blow-down wind tunnel capable of producing flows with a specific total enthalpy up to 2.5 MJ/kg. The heater mainly consists of two coaxial electrodes, separated by a constrictor, and a plenum chamber. The flow is heated by an electric arc ignited between the electrodes and sustained by the ...