The discovery of the water channel aquaporin has greatly expanded our understanding of the regulation of the water permeability of biological membranes. The atomic structure of aquaporin-1 (AQP1) demonstrated how aquaporin is freely permeated by water but not protons and provided marked insight into several human disorders. Eleven mammalian aquaporins have been identified, each with a distinct ...

BACKGROUND Distal myopathy with rimmed vacuoles/hereditary inclusion body myopathy is clinically characterized by the early involvement of distal leg muscles. The striking pathological features of the myopathy are muscle fibers with rimmed vacuoles. To date, the role of aquaporin-4 water channel in distal myopathy with rimmed vacuoles/hereditary inclusion body myopathy has not been studied. C...

Aquaporin-1, a ubiquitous water channel membrane protein, is a major contributor to cell membrane osmotic water permeability. Arteries are the physiological system where hydrostatic dominates osmotic pressure differences. In the present study, we show that the walls of large conduit arteries constitute the first example where hydrostatic pressure drives aquaporin-1-mediated transcellular/transe...

Cyprinus carpio is a stenohaline species but can tolerate some ranges of changes in environmental salinities, so histomorphological methods and Na+-K+ ATPase and Aquaporin 3 immunohistochemistry were performed on common carp kidney as an osmoregulatory organ in experimental groups and control in order to investigate their possible roles during salinity challenge. Five groups of fish (n=25) with...

To clarify the significance of immunoglobulin G autoantibody specific for the astrocyte water channel aquaporin-4 in cerebrospinal fluid, aquaporin-4-immunoglobulin G from a neuromyelitis optica patient was administered intrathecally to naïve mice, and the distribution and pathogenic impact was evaluated. A distinct distribution pattern of aquaporin-4-immunoglobulin G deposition was observed in...

Several point mutations have been identified in human aquaporins, but their effects on the function of the respective aquaporins are mostly enigmatic. We analyzed the impact of the aquaporin 2 mutation V71M, which causes nephrogenic diabetes insipidus in humans, on aquaporin structure and activity, using the bacterial aquaglyceroporin GlpF as a model. Importantly, the sequence and structure aro...

PURPOSE To determine if aquaporin-1 expression is decreased in human and mouse corneal endothelial dysfunction. METHODS Immunohistochemistry with anti-aquaporin 1 antibody and confocal microscopy were used to study a case series of human corneal specimens, and a mouse model of corneal endothelial injury was created with injection of sterile hot water into the anterior chamber with a 33 gauge ...

BACKGROUND Overexpression of several aquaporins has been reported in different types of human cancer but the role of aquaporins in carcinogenesis has not yet been clearly defined. There is few report concerning role of aquaporins in human cervical carcinogenesis so far. Here, we determined the expression and prognostic value of aquaporin 1, 3 in cervical carcinoma in Chinese women of Uygur ethn...

Aquaporin 5 has been recently found as an important oncogenic marker whose expression levels seem to be determined by the level of cellular differentiation. Despite aquaporin volume decrease (AVD) being the most conserved earliest event in apoptosis, there is still a paucity of studies exploring on aquaporin expression and its relationship with apoptosis in cancer. The aim of this study was to ...

Aquaporin-2, a member of the aquaporin family, is an arginine vasopressin-regulated water channel expressed in the renal collecting duct, and a promising marker of the concentrating and diluting ability of the kidney. The arginine vasopressin type-2 antagonist, tolvaptan, is a new-generation diuretic; it is especially indicated in patients with decompensated heart failure refractory to conventi...