Cavernous hemangioma of the optic chiasm is extremely rare, representing 1% or less of all cavernous hemangioma.1 Klein et al described the earliest reported lesion in 1979.2 Patients typically present with chiasmal apoplexy, characterized by sudden visual disturbance, headache, retro-orbital pain, and nausea.3 Acute dysfunction of the chiasm and/or optic nerve has been called chiasmatic apople...

Idiopathic granulomatous hypophysitis (IGH) is an extremely rare chronic inflammatory lesion of the pituitary gland. This condition typically presents with chronic onset of headache and slow development of visual deficits. Pituitary apoplexy is a clinical syndrome characterized by sudden onset of headache, vision loss, opthalmoplegia, and signs of meningeal irritation. Although IGH has been pre...

Pituitary apoplexy is a rare clinical syndrome due to ischemic or haemorrhagic necrosis of the pituitary gland which complicates 2-12% of pituitary tumours, especially nonfunctioning adenomas. In many cases, it results in severe neurological, ophthalmological, and endocrinological consequences and may require prompt surgical decompression. Pituitary apoplexy represents a rare medical emergency ...

Pituitary apoplexy is a life-threatening illness due to acute infarction of the pituitary gland. The most common symptoms associated with pituitary apoplexy are headache, nausea, vomiting, visual impairment, hypopituitarism, and altered mental status. Diabetic ketoacidosis is a common acute complication of diabetes mellitus and is itself associated with similar symptoms. We present the case of ...

Spontaneous pituitary apoplexy in the absence of a known pre-existing pituitary adenoma is a very rare cause of sudden onset headache, but can be potentially sight- and life-threatening. We describe a case of a 37-year-old man who presented to the Emergency Department with a severe headache, associated nausea, vomiting and features of meningism. A suspected clinical diagnosis of subarachnoid ha...

Pituitary apoplexy is characterized by a wide spectrum of clinical features, not only in mode of presentation but also in outcome.'-3 We treated a patient with a previously undiagnosed pituitary tumour in whom spontaneous pituitary apoplexy occurred. Subsequently, impairments of both anterior and posterior pituitary function and transient resolving thyrotoxicosis secondary to painless (silent) ...

Apoplectic pituitary adenomas cause significant morbidity and even mortality. The pituitary apoplexy denotes a pituitary adenoma presenting with hemorrhage and/or infarction, implementation in remedial effects of various of drugs in pituitary apoplexy is a promising pharmacogenomic field in the near future adenoma treatment. Indisputably, this is an important horizon for complicated pituitary a...

BACKGROUND Previous studies have demonstrated that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can promote the recovery of neural function after cerebral apoplexy by secreting multiple cytokines. In addition, cell factor-derived extracellular vesicles play an important role in recovery of neural function. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of extracellular vesicles on neural functional recover...

BACKGROUND Pituitary apoplexy occurs due to infarction or hemorrhage, within a pituitary adenoma or a nontumorous pituitary gland and can have catastrophic consequences. Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a severe manifestation of the spectrum of dengue virus infection and is characterized by high-grade fever, thrombocytopenia, hemorrhagic tendencies, and increased vascular permeability. Cases o...

Pituitary apoplexy (PA) may very rarely present with hiccups. A 32-year-old man with classical acromegaloid features was admitted with headache, nausea, vomiting and stubborn hiccups. Pituitary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated apoplexy of a macroadenoma with suprasellar extension abutting the optic chiasm. Plasma growth hormone (GH) levels exhibited suppression (below <1 ng/mL) at ...