Propolis is known as honeybee chemical defence against infections and parasites. Its chemical composition is variable and depends on the specificity of the local flora. However, there are no data concerning the relationship between propolis chemical composition and honeybee colony health. We tried to answer this question, studying the chemical composition of propolis of bee colonies from an api...

The Korean beekeeping industry is continuously declining owing to the aging worker population and a lack of automation. To solve problem manual transportation low automation tools in apiculture, multifunctional transport loading box was developed by modifying tracked vehicle previous studies. ensure safety modified an apiary, dynamic analysis virtual simulation conditions field test inside actu...

Cladosporium sp. collection by bees (Apis mellifera L.) was observed in Brazil at an apiary located in Minas Gerais, during November 10-23, 2005, characterized by high air relative humidity and low availability of food resources (pollen and nectar).The nutritional composition of the fungi pellets presented high protein value, ethereal extract and organic matter.

American foulbrood is a disease of the larvae of the honeybee caused by a sporeforming organism, Bacillus larvae White (1920), and is considered the most serious of all bee diseases. The unusual resistance of the spores to heat and disinfectants (White, 1920; Sturtevant, 1926; Burnside, 1940) has resulted in the development of a variety of methods for control based on their effectiveness in des...

The yellow-legged hornet, Vespa velutina nigrithorax, is an invasive species that causing numerous ecological and economic problems, particularly for beekeepers, whose apiaries are seriously affected by hornet predation. effects may be intensified if workers from different colonies preying upon bees the same apiary. Therefore, to determine whether such could occur, we sampled hornets found with...

This paper describes a simulator for the proposed Apiary, an object-oriented, message passing parallel machine for artificial intelligence applications, using the QCKV model of computation. The simulator implements an interpreter for the lowest level “virtual machine language” of the Apiary, specifying computations in terms of creating objects and sending messages rather than loading and storin...