Secondary structures of the G-rich strand of human telomere DNA fragments G3(TTAG3)n, n = 1-16, have been studied by means of circular dichroism spectroscopy and PAGE, in solutions of physiological potassium cation concentrations. It has been found that folding of these fragments into tetraplexes as well as tetraplex thermostabilities and enthalpy values depend on the number of TTAG3 repeats. T...

Modified thrombin-binding aptamers (TBAs) carrying uridine (U), 2'-deoxy-2'-fluorouridine (FU) and North-methanocarbathymidine (NT) residues in the loop regions were synthesized and analyzed by UV thermal denaturation experiments and CD spectroscopy. The replacement of thymidines in the TGT loop by U and FU results in an increased stability of the antiparallel quadruplex structure described for...

Boundary states that preserve supersymmetry are constructed for fractional D-strings with travelling waves on a C/Z2 × Z2 orbifold. The gravitational radiation emitted between two D-strings with antiparallel travelling waves is calculated.

The Raman spectrum of cyclosporin-A has been recorded in the solid phase. The conformation of the molecule has been discussed on the basis of Raman data. It has been concluded that in agreement with X-ray data, cyclosporin-A molecule has an antiparallel P- pleated sheet conformation. It may have some reverse P- turn structure in what has been assigned to a random coil conformation.

Recall the paramagnetic spin system we discussed in lecture 4. In this system, there are magnets with orientations parallel or antiparallel to a magnetic field. In the parallel orientation, the energy is −mB = −E, where m is the magnetic moment and B is the magnetic field. In the antiparallel orientation the energy is +mB = +E. In lecture 4, we worked out the relative numbers of parallel and an...

Microtubules form arrays with parallel and antiparallel bundles and function in various cellular processes, including subcellular transport and cell division. The antiparallel bundles in phragmoplasts, plant-unique microtubule arrays, are mostly unexplored and potentially offer new cellular insights. Here, we report that the Physcomitrella patens kinesins KINID1a and KINID1b (for kinesin for in...