In comparison to other vital organs such as the liver, kidney and brain, the lung is at a greater risk of developing oxidative stress and oxidative injury as a result of its continuous exposure to higher oxygen tensions, to other sources of oxidative stress in the form of environmental pollutants, irritants and free radical-generating carcinogens, and of having a large epithelial surface area [...

Dear Sir: In a recent issue of the Journal, Dragsted et al (1) investigated whether fruit and vegetable intake affects biomarkers of oxidative stress or antioxidant defenses. They conducted a well-designed, 25-d, randomized, partly blinded intervention trial. Some of their conclusions related to an apparent lack of effect on markers of total antioxidant capacity [TAC; namely, the ferric-reducin...

The roles of enzymatic antioxidant defenses in the natural tolerance of environmental stresses that impose changes in oxygen availability and oxygen consumption on animals is discussed with a particular focus on the biochemistry of estivation and metabolic depression in pulmonate land snails. Despite reduced oxygen consumption and PO2 during estivation, which should also mean reduced production...

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3 Introduction--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4 Main text: Reactive oxygen species ----------------------------------------------------------------------4 Antioxidant defenses-------------------------------------------------------------------...

It has been hypothesized that a major factor in the progression of mitochondrial disease resulting from defects in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is the stimulation of the mitochondrial production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the resulting damage to the mtDNA. To test this hypothesis, we examined the mitochondria from mice lacking the heart/muscle isoform of the adenine nucleotide t...

One mechanism proposed as a link between exposure to ionizing radiation and detrimental effects on organisms is oxidative damage. To test this hypothesis, we surveyed the scientific literature on the effects of chronic low-dose ionizing radiation (LDIR) on antioxidant responses and oxidative damage. We found 40 publications and 212 effect sizes for antioxidant responses and 288 effect sizes for...

Infants and children may undergo severe oxidative stress due to disease state, pre-existing nutritional status, frequent use of oxygen, and lower levels of antioxidant defenses. Antioxidant defenses, made up of intracellular and extra-cellular components, work synergistically to prevent oxidative damage. Total antioxidant activity (TAA) was analyzed by method of ferric reducing antioxidant powe...

It is well known that antioxidants play an important role in sperm fertility, but there is no data on the literature regarding the effect of male chemical cues in the antioxidant defenses of the female reproductive tract. Here, we evaluated oxidative parameters in ovaries and uterus of virgin female rats isolated from contact to males and exposed only to male-soiled bedding (MSB). Four-month-ol...

Oxidative stress is related to an imbalance between the production of reactive species and the antioxidant defenses. In essence, oxidative stress has been defined as a disturbance in the pro-oxidant/antioxidant balance, leading to potential damage. It has been suggested that oxidative stress is involved in the etiology of several chronic diseases including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, canc...