Enterovirus 71 (EV71) causes life-threatening epidemics in Asia and can be phylogenetically classified into three major genogroups (A ∼ C) including 11 genotypes (A, B1 ∼ B5, and C1 ∼ C5). Recently, EV71 epidemics occurred cyclically in Taiwan with different genotypes. In recent years, human studies using post-infection sera obtained from children have detected antigenic variations among differ...

In order to study the antigenic variability of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), 18 European and Canadian field isolates were analysed with a panel of 15 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) raised against five different European and one Canadian PRRSV isolates. The antigenic pattern of these isolates was used to infer their phylogenetic relationships. Isolates which had the ...

This paper compares strains of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) serotype SAT (South African Territories) 2 viruses isolated from Zimbabwe and other African countries using monoclonal antibodies (MAb). A sandwich-ELISA was used to examine the relative binding of anti-SAT 2 MAb to the various viruses. The MAb-binding profiles of viruses isolated from field samples were compared using hierarchical clu...

It is commonly assumed that antibody responses against the influenza virus are polarized in the following manner: strong antibody responses are directed at highly variable antigenic epitopes, which consequently undergo 'antigenic drift', while weak antibody responses develop against conserved epitopes. As the highly variable epitopes are in a constant state of flux, current antibody-based vacci...

In view of the anomalous expression of blood group and related antigens in the gastric mucosae of patients with malignant and premalignant diseases of the stomach, and the potential clinical value of their measurement, a preliminary study has been performed on the blood group antigens A, B, H, Lea, Leb, and I(Ma) in glycoprotein rich extracts of the resting and tetragastrin stimulated gastric j...

In view of the anomalous expression of blood group and related antigens in the gastric mucosae of patients with malignant and premalignant diseases of the stomach, and the potential clinical value of their measurement, a preliminary study has been performed on the blood group antigens A, B, H, Lea, Leb, and I(Ma) in glycoprotein rich extracts of the resting and tetragastrin stimulated gastric j...

Eleven Salmonella spp. isolates with the antigenic type 11:z41:e,n,z15 - not referred to in the 9th edition of the White-Kauffman-Le Minor Scheme - were identified at the National Reference Laboratory for Salmonella in Greece. Their pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profiles were indistinguishable. No apparent epidemiological link has yet been identified; the results of a case-case study are pen...

INTRODUCTION In Brazil, various isolates of rabies virus (RABV) show antigenic profiles distinct from those established by the reduced panel of eight monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) determined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), utilized for the antigenic characterization of RABV in the Americas. The objective of this study was to produce MAbs from RABV isolates from insectivo...