Xylazine hydrochloride, α2 adrenoceptor agonist, is an analgesic, sedative, tranquilizer, and muscle relaxant agent in veterinary medicine which is mostly used as in pre-anesthesia in veterinary medicine. One of the main adverse effects of xylazine which limits application of this medication in small animal veterinary practice (mostly in cats) is nausea and vomiting which can end up with aspira...

Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) involves multiple neurotransmitter and receptor systems; thus, its optimal treatment is likely to require a combination of therapies targeting multiple systems. Antiemetic regimens have evolved from use of dopamine antagonists alone to combination regimens such as a corticosteroid plus an antagonist of the serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) type 3 re...

Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) remains a challenge in cancer care. Improved understanding of CINV pathophysiology has triggered the development of new antiemetic therapeutic options, such as selective neurokinin-1 (NK1) receptor antagonists (RAs), which effectively prevent CINV when added to a standard antiemetic regimen (serotonin-3 RA and dexamethasone). Aprepitant and its wa...

Chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) are two of the most feared adverse events experienced by cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Metoclopramide was derived from procainamide in the 1950s and one of the first drugs investigated in the prophylaxis of nausea and vomiting induced by chemotherapy. The breakthrough came in 1981 with the recognition that high-dose metoclopramide was e...

addition of the NK1-receptor antagonist, casopitant (day 1–3), to a combination of ondansetron (day 1–3) plus dexamethasone (day 1) was investigated in patients receiving moderately emetogenic chemotherapy [4]. In a subpopulation (n = 123) treated with oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy, the 0–120-h complete response rate (no emesis and no need for rescue antiemetics) was improved from approximatel...

Xylazine hydrochloride, α2 adrenoceptor agonist, is an analgesic, sedative, tranquilizer, and muscle relaxant agent in veterinary medicine which is mostly used as in pre-anesthesia in veterinary medicine. One of the main adverse effects of xylazine which limits application of this medication in small animal veterinary practice (mostly in cats) is nausea and vomiting which can end up with aspira...

Appropriate antiemetic prophylaxis for moderately emetogenic chemotherapy in patients with non-round cell soft-tissue sarcomas (NRC-STS) remains unclear. We retrospectively investigated efficacy and safety of aprepitant-combined antiemetic prophylaxis in patients with NRC-STS receiving adriamycin plus ifosfamide (AI) therapy. Forty NRC-STS patients were enrolled, their median age was 50 years (...

BACKGROUND Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP) is a common condition. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between response to antiemetics in the treatment of NVP and genetic polymorphisms in the serotonin receptor subunit genes HTR3A and HTR3B. METHODS Pregnant women ≥18 years of age with NVP starting antiemetic therapy with promethazine, prochlorperazine, metoclopr...