Anion gap, anion gap corrected for serum albumin, and base deficit are often used as surrogates for measuring serum lactate. None of these surrogates is postulated to predict hyperlactatemia in the critically ill. We prospectively collected data from September 2004 through August 2005 for 1381 consecutive admissions. Patients with renal disease, ketoacidosis, or toxic ingestion were excluded. A...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the associations between the serum anion gap (AG) with the severity and prognosis of coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS We measured serum electrolytes in 18,115 CAD patients indicated by coronary angiography. The serum AG was calculated according to the equation: AG = Na+[(mmol/L) + K+ (mmol/L)] - [Cl- (mmol/L) + HCO3- (mmol/L)]. RESULTS A total of 4510 (24.9%) par...

PURPOSE To determine the effect of each of independent acid base variables on the anion gap (AG) value in cardiac surgical patients. METHODS This retrospective study involved 128 cardiac surgical patients admitted for postoperative care. The variation of AG (AGvar) between the day of admission and the first postoperative day was correlated via a multiple linear regression model with the respe...

It is well known that uremia causes an increase in the serum anion gap (AG); however, whether changes in the AG occur earlier in the course of chronic kidney disease is not known. Here we investigated whether different measures of the AG, as a marker of kidney function, are associated with mortality. To do this, we analyzed the available laboratory data of 11,957 adults in the National Health a...

BACKGROUND The quantitative effect of strong electrolytes, unmeasured strong anions (UAs), pCO2, and plasma protein concentrations in determining plasma pH can be demonstrated using the physicochemical approach. Plasma anion gap (AG) and strong ion gap (SIG) are used to assess UAs in different species. HYPOTHESES Strong ions are a major factor influencing changes in plasma pH of hospitalized ...

In the title chain compound, [Ag(NO(3))(C(26)H(24)P(2))](n), the bis-(diphenyl-phosphino)ethane (dppe) units link the Ag(+) ions into chains along [001]. A nitrate anion is coordinated to the Ag atom. There is a centre of symmetry at the mid-point of the ethane C-C bond and a twofold rotation axis passes through the Ag, N and terminal O atoms. Each Ag atom is four-coordinated in a distorted tet...

A 74-year-old Caucasian male was referred to our clinic for low serum bicarbonate levels and a high anion gap (HAG). Past medical history included hypertension, hypothyroidism, iron deficiency anaemia secondary to gastrointestinal bleeding and hyperlipidaemia. He was on Bicitra 30 mL orally three times daily, levothyroxine 75 mcg daily, atorvastatin 10 mg daily, ferrous sulphate 324 mg daily an...

We report the incidence of normal (50.4%), increased (46.7%), and decreased (2.9%) anion gap among hospitalized patients in a retrospective study. The mean and range of increased anion gaps were 25 and 19-28 mmol/L. Values exceeding 30 mmol/L were uncommon and may indicate either acidosis or laboratory error. The most common causes of the increased anion gap among patients were chronic renal fa...

Metabolic acidosis is defined as a low arterial blood pH in conjunction with a reduced serum HCO3concentration. Respiratory compensation results in a decrease in PaCO2. A low serum HCO3concentration alone is not diagnostic of metabolic acidosis because it also results from the renal compensation to chronic respiratory alkalosis. Measurement of the arterial pH differentiates between these two po...

High anion gap metabolic acidosis might be caused by 5-oxoproline (pyroglutamic acid). As it is very easy to treat, it might be worth drawing attention to this uncommon and probably often overlooked diagnosis. We present three cases of high anion gap metabolic acidosis due to 5-oxoproline seen within a period of six months.