Background: Ferula gummosa Boiss. is a medicinal and economical plant belonging to Apiaceae family. It is a native herb of Iran and is in serious danger of extinction. Objective: Gamma irradiation is an environmental stress and can consider as a new tool to change the content of secondary metabolites in medicinal plants. The effect of gamma irradiation on phenolic content and radical sc...

Radical resection of primary or solitary secondary malignant sternal tumours is indicated in patients without metastases. Sternal reconstruction may be indicated in large defects to prevent pulmonary complications, to achieve protection of intra-thoracic organs and to obtain a good aesthetic result. In this article, a modified surgical technique is described to fill and reconstruct large defect...

The results from a series of outdoor chamber experiments establishing the atmospheric aerosol-forming potential of fourteen terpenoid hydrocarbons have been used to estimate the annual amount of secondary organic aerosol formed globally from compounds emitted by vegetation. Hydroxyl radical, ozone, and nitrate radical oxidation each contribute to aerosol formation in fullphotooxidation experime...

4-Pentenoxyl radicals sharing two or more carbon atoms with a cycloalkane cyclize in a predictable manner stereoselectively and regioselectively to afford in solutions of bromotrichloromethane cycloalkyl-fused or -bridged 2-bromomethyltetrahydrofurans in up to 95% yield. Stereoselectivity in alkenoxyl radical ring closures arises from cumulative steric effects. The substituent positioned the cl...

The relationshipbetween secondary metabolites content and antioxidant activity was studied in aerial parts of Nasturtium officinale R. Br., at various altitudes and periods of growth in north of Iran. Total phenolics (TP), and total flavonoids (TF) contentsin aerial parts of the plantwere investigated spectrophotometrically and their antioxidant activitieswere obtained byTotal Antioxidant Capac...

The solid state photoexcitation of several triphenylmethyl-alkyl ketones resulted in the loss of CO and the exclusive formation of radical-radical combination products. Differences in reactivity suggest a stepwise mechanism with the unprecedented formation of primary and secondary radicals in some of the radical pair intermediates in the solid state.

Transition metal-free radical α-perfluoroalkylation with concomitant β-alkynylation of unactivated alkenes is presented. These cascades proceed via electron-catalysis and comprise a radical 1,4- or 1,5-alkynyl migration from tertiary propargylic alcoholates to secondary or tertiary C-radicals as the key step. Alkynyl migration leads to a ketyl radical anion that sustains the chain as a single e...

Vinyl boron ate complexes of enantioenriched secondary alkyl pinacolboronic esters undergo stereospecific radical-induced 1,2-migration in radical polar crossover reactions. In this three-component process various commercially available alkyl iodides act as radical precursors and light is used for chain initiation. Subsequent oxidation and protodeborylation leads to valuable α-chiral ketones an...

The chemistry of radicals adsorbed on zeolites is remarkable in that the products of radical-radical reactions, which are nonselective in solution, can be made selective and can be controlled by supramolecular effects and magnetic isotope effects. The photolysis of ketones adsorbed on zeolites can be manipulated so that either primary or secondary radicals produced by photolysis can be directed...

13 strains of endophytic fungi were isolated from Astragalus monadelphus. The radical scavenging activity assay of secondary metabolites and mycelium extracts from these strains were investigated. Results showed that secondary metabolites and mycelium extracts from these strains had significant antioxidant activities. Reducing ability of H401 strain mycelium extracts were stronger than the ethy...