This study describes metaphorical conceptualizations of the foreign exchange market held by market participants and examines how these metaphors socially construct the financial market. Findings are based on 55 semi-structured interviews with senior foreign exchange experts at banks and at financial news providers in Europe. We analysed interview transcripts by metaphor analysis, a method based...

some logicians as avicenna, khaja nasir al-din tusi, and dabiran katebi believe that denotation (dilala) is dependent on volition (irada), and as long as there is no volition, there is no denotation. some others like qutb al-din razi completely reject this idea and maintain that denotation merely depends on “knowledge of designation” (al-ilm bi al-wad’). some of methodologicians of jurisprudenc...

one may daresay that the foremost issue and problem in translation is to observe “translation equivalence principle” so that the translated text to be the equivalent and all-out mirror against the original text. to obtain this goal, it is perfectly necessary to pay attention to semantic different layers, ranged from referential meaning to empirical, interactive, implicit, meanings, semantic uni...

Purpose: Identification of the term efficiency on basis literature subject and description author's concept leadership efficiency. Design/Methodology/Approach: Despite constant interest in issues efficiency, does not provide a clear answer to emerging doubts regarding essence possibility its maximization. Efficiency is an ambiguous variously interpreted concept. The article reviews conceptual f...

Metaphor is a crucially context-dependent linguistic phenomenon. This fact was not clearly recognized until some time in the 1970’s. Until then, most theorists assumed that a sentence must have a fixed set of metaphorical meanings, if it had any at all. Often, they also assumed that metaphoricity was the product of grammatical deviance, in the form of a category mistake. To compensate for this ...

Abstract Copredication is the phenomenon whereby two or more predicates seem to require that their argument denotes different things. The denotation of words copredicate has been broadly discussed. In this paper, I investigate metaphysics behind question. Thus, mereological theories dot objects claim these nouns denote complex entities; Asher (Lexical meaning in context, Cambridge University Pr...

This article examines the Mu‘tazilite Qādī ‘Abd al-Jabbār’s views on the denotation of miracles according to his own particular methodology. Despite his acceptance of the celebrated method of the theologians in the denotation of miracles with respect to the authenticity of prophets, i.e., resorting to divine wisdom, Qādī ‘Abd al-Jabbār instead proposed the issue within the structure of conven...

1. All natural numbers are in the domain. 2. The only other elements of the domain are sets of natural numbers. 3. The denotations of 0, 1, 2, ... are 0, 1, 2, ... respectively; the denotation of N is the set of all natural numbers, and the denotation of S is the set of all sets of natural numbers in the domain; the denotation of Î is the relation of membership between numbers and sets of numbe...