نتایج جستجو برای: and decentralization
تعداد نتایج: 16828172 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Corruption is defined in an occupational choice model as extra fees that must be paid by some entrepreneurs. Higher corruption leads to lower wages and total output. Income inequality follows a Kuznets relationship with both corruption and income. Two types of decentralization of the bribe-setters are distinguished, regional and bureaucratic. When mobility is imperfect, bureaucratic decentraliz...
Mohammed, North, and Ashton find that decentralization in Fiji shifted health-sector workloads from tertiary hospitals to peripheral health centres, but with little transfer of administrative authority from the centre. Decisionmaking in five functional areas analysed remains highly centralized. They surmise that the benefits of decentralization in terms of services and outcomes will be limited....
This thesis analyzes the state of educational decentralization in Vietnam with the purpose to analyze how education has been decentralized in Vietnam; and if it has been in accordance with the purpose of the international development institution present in Vietnam. The thesis presents a theoretical framework over public decentralization and educational decentralization. The theoretical framewor...
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Libman, Alexander—Constitutions, regulations, and taxes: Contradictions of different aspects of decentralization The paper confronts different aspects of decentralization: fiscal decentralization, post-constitutional regulatory decentralization, and constitutional decentralization – using a single dataset from the Russian Federation of the Yeltsin period as a politically asymmetric country and ...
The questions of centralization and decentralization arise in every polity. The constitution or the practice or both have to settle how much of policy making is to be decided by the central government and by component bodies. By and large liberalism and decentralization tend to go together while authoritarianism tends to be associated with centralization. The constitutional model which is gener...
Introduction: Iran's health system is encountered with a variety of challenges and problems due to the issues of quality, relevancy, and effectiveness. The main reason of inefficacy in health system is unnecessary centralization. In the latest decade, health sector decentralization polices have been implemented on a broad scale throughout world especially in developing countries. Decentralizati...
Educational policies and household behaviors interact to determine educational outcomes. Much educational literature, including that on decentralization, focuses almost exclusively on school resources and ignores substantial household resources devoted to schooling. The failure to consider how households change resource allocations may lead to important misunderstandings of decentralization eff...
This thesis takes the position that decentralization is a dynamic process in constant transition in Third World countries between centralization and decentralization. The author uses an historic approach to explore the process of decentralization as it affects local governments, particularly historic-cultural influences which have had a negative impact on the development of local government ins...
The global drive towards decentralization has been increasingly justified on the basis that greater transfers of resources to subnational governments are expected to deliver greater efficiency in the provision of public goods and services and greater economic growth. This paper examines whether this is the case, by analysing the relationship between decentralization and economic growth in 21 OE...
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