This paper describes the Virtual Synergy interface, which combines a three dimensional graphical interface with physical robots to allow for collaboration among multiple human researchers, simulated software agents and physical teams of multi-terrain robots for the task of Urban Search and Rescue (USAR) [8,9]. Using the interface to communicate and monitor the robots gives the human operators t...

Planning support systems can be defined as spatial decision support systems, and they consist of three important components, namely: data, models, and geovisualisation (Klosterman 1999). In this chapter, we focus on geovisualisation in planning decision making, in which it has two roles to serve: collaboration and exploration, in particular when it is integrated with the other two components. W...

To contribute to the understanding of the links between urban planning and school siting and, ultimately, the impact of both on physical activity, we conducted a case study of Lee County, Florida. Our study examined the extent of state-mandated collaboration between the Lee County School Board and Lee County government (e.g., the Lee County Department of Planning, the Office of Smart Growth, an...

triple helix model (th) collaborations involving university, industry and government provide a networked infrastructure for shaping the dynamic fluxes of knowledge base of innovations locally and these fluxes remain emergent within the domains. in this article first the knowledge-based economy, national system of innovation, and three models of uig relations which represent different triple hel...

urban effete textures are multiple problems at conspectus skeletal, environmental, social and economic that encounter life of inhabitants with problem in this texture. according to the research, almost 90% of population in country exposed hazard of occurrence earthquake. in this face, by reason of problems, effete textures are over damage if the earthquake happened. nonetheless, to make provisi...