The asymptotic relative efficiency of the mean deviation with respect to the standard deviation is 88% at the normal distribution. In his seminal 1960 paper A survey of sampling from contaminated distributions, J. W. Tukey points out that, if the normal distribution is contaminated by a small -fraction of a normal distribution with three times the standard deviation, the mean deviation is more ...

This research aimed 1) to compare the results of scansion with those of an acoustic analysis, 2) to classify the problematic feet of cadence, which is identical to the foot types in casual speech, and 3) to clarify the relation of scansion to acoustic analyses. Additionally, it tried to establish the necessity and clarify what benefits of acoustic analyses will provide readers of poems with pro...

The superposition principle is usually incorrectly applied in interference experiments. This has recently been investigated through numerics based on Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) methods as well as the Feynman path integral formalism. In the current work, we have derived an analytic formula for the Sorkin parameter which can be used to determine the deviation from the application of the...

the linguistic is studying the language different levels, the language is main topic  that the linguistic sisstu dying it. the linguistics has several branches,the stylistics is one of its branches that survey literary works. and stylistic phenomenon is one of the important phenomen as at linguistic studies and it study poetic language because it’s different from the common language. since the ...

We investigate Riemann–Liouville processes RH ,H > 0, and fractional Brownian motions BH , 0 < H < 1, and study their small deviation properties in the spaces Lq([0, 1], μ). Of special interest are hereby thin (fractal) measures μ, i.e., those which are singular with respect to the Lebesgue measure. We describe the behavior of small deviation probabilities by numerical quantities of μ, called m...

Ten Lectures on Small Deviation Probabilities: Theorey and Applications Wenbo V. Li (University of Delaware) Lecture 1: Introduction, overview and applications. We first define the small deviation (value) probability in several settings, which basically study the asymptotic rate of approaching zero for rare events that positive random variables take smaller values. Many applications discussed i...

In this study we investigate the properties of the electromagnetic wake-field generated by an electron bunch moving in the vicinity of an optical structure of finite roughness. The model employed consists of a metallic cylindrical waveguide to which grooves of random width, height, and location are attached. Based on this model analytic expressions have been developed for the average energy emi...

purpose: to determine the surgical results of partially accommodative esotropia (paet). methods: thirty-eight patients with paet scheduled for surgery from 2002 to 2008 were enrolled in a descriptive, analytic retrospective study. patient characteristics including age, gender, refractive error, visual acuity, pre and post operative deviation, technique of surgery and follow up duration were rec...