Analogical reasoning, it is commonly accepted, plays an important role in innovation and creativity. Since design often is innovative, and can be creative, the design task provides a good context for exploring the role of analogy in innovation and creativity. In the IDEAL project, we are exploring the processes of innovation and creativity in the context of conceptual (or preliminary, qualitati...

Funding information This work was supported by AFOSRGrant FA-9550-10-1-0177 toMatt Jones. Research in analogical reasoning suggests that higher-order cognitive functions such as abstract reasoning, far transfer, and creativity are founded on recognizing structural similarities among relational systems. Here we integrate theories of analogy with the computational framework of reinforcement learn...

The standard approach posits that analogical inferences are generated by copying unmapped base relations, substituting base entities by their corresponding target ones, and generating slots for unmapped base entities. Contra this account, results from Experiment 1 revealed that analogical inferences seldom include relations that resemble the base relation from which they were derived. Most of t...

Abstract Analogy-making is at the core of human and artificial intelligence creativity with applications to such diverse tasks as proving mathematical theorems building theories, common sense reasoning, learning, language acquisition, story telling. This paper introduces from first principles an abstract algebraic framework analogical proportions form ‘ a b what c d ’ in general setting univers...

Human reasoning goes beyond knowledge about individual entities, extending to inferences based on relations between entities. Here we focus the use of in verbal analogical mapping, sketching a general approach assessing similarity patterns semantic words. This combines research artificial intelligence with work psychology and cognitive science, aim minimizing hand coding text inputs for tasks. ...

We present a model of similarity-based retrieval which attempts to capture three psychological phenomena: (1) people are extremely good at judging similarity and analogy when given items to compare. (2) Super cial remindings are much more frequent than structural remindings. (3) People sometimes experience and use purely structural analogical remindings. Our model, called MAC/FAC (for \many are...

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the approach of analogical thinking for product innovation. We collected data on projects from four engineering firms where analogical thinking was successfully applied for the development of breakthrough innovations. Results show that abstracting the problem by in-depth technical and contextual analysis is pivotal when searching for analogical soluti...

Analogical reasoning is considered as one of the main mechanisms underlying creativity. “Thinking out of the box” allows the paradigm shift essential to a creative process. More common is the concept of analogical proportion (“2 is to 4 as 4 is to 8”) which can be described within an algebraic framework. When it comes to concepts (“engine is to the car as heart is to the human”), we need to inv...

Analogical learning is a two-step inference process: (i) computation of a mapping between a new and a memorized situation; (ii) transfer from the known to the unknown situation. This approach requires the ability to search for and exploit such mappings, which are based on the notion of analogical proportions, hence the need to properly define these proportions, and to efficiently implement thei...

Analogical learning is a two-step inference process: (i) computation of a mapping between a new and a memorized situation; (ii) transfer from the known to the unknown situation. This approach requires the ability to search for and exploit such mappings, which are based on the notion of analogical proportions, hence the need to properly define these proportions, and to efficiently implement thei...