Background: Since tumors located in thorax region of body mainly move due to respiration, in the modern radiotherapy, there have been many attempts such as; external markers, strain gage and spirometer represent for monitoring patients’ breathing signal. With the advent of fluoroscopy technique, indirect methods were proposed as an alternative approach to extract patients’ breathing signals...

Renewable energy sources are developed worldwide, owing to high oil prices and in order to limit greenhouse gas emissions. The objective of this research was to study the feasibility of biodiesel production from mountain almond (Prunus Scoparia) oil using ultrasonic system and optimization of the process using Artificial Bees Colony (ABC) Algorithm. The results showed that by increasing the mol...

The mining chute is an important equipment in the process of coal transportation and coal screening preparation. During the working process, the mining chute will generate a lot of vibration and noise because of constantly friction and impact of gangue and coal blocks. In order to reduce the vibration and noise during the operation of the chute, a new type of foam aluminum laminated structure i...

Abstract Background The vestibular system can perceive sound at high intensity levels. recording of evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) is one the clinical techniques that capture when activated by sound. In healthy individuals, it has been demonstrated VEMP thresholds are lower using low-frequency stimuli, particularly 500 Hz tone burst. Aging affects frequency tuning, causing shift to higher f...

abstract background: hemodialysis is the most common renal replacement therapy in the world, and hemodialysis adequacy is an important and influencial factor in the reduction of various complications experienced by these patients. multiple factors influence hemodialysis adequacy. this study was conducted to determine hemodialysis adequacy and its relationship with individual and personal factor...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of cataract stage, lens-induced uveitis and cataract removal on the electroretinogram (ERG) of dogs with cataract. ANIMALS STUDIED Fifty-seven dogs diagnosed with unilateral or bilateral cataract whose ERG was recorded at Rakuno Gakuen University Teaching Animal Hospital from 2001 to 2004. PROCEDURES Four responses were record...

A new scheme for generating amplitude squeezed light by means of soliton self-phase modulation is experimentally demonstrated. By injecting 180-fs pulses into an equivalent Mach-Zehnder fiber interferometer, a maximum noise reduction of 4.4± 0.3 dB is obtained (6.3± 0.6 dB when corrected for losses). The dependence of noise reduction on the interferometer splitting ratio and fiber length is stu...

A technique is described for a better than 5 dB reduction in the Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR) of an OFDM signal. The optimal amplitude and phase of additional peak reduction carriers (PRC) is obtained using a codebook, which is obtained using a search of all possible signal combinations.