Game creation tools like Game Maker or RPG Maker democratize game making and facilitate the development of amateur game design. The best known among these programs have dynamic web-communities with active members making thousands of games. However, as of now, there is little research on amateur game design except for modding or education fields. In this paper I argue that approaching amateur ga...

This article presents and analyses injury incidence rates for amateur and professional racing jockeys in Ireland, France and Britain by means of a retrospective study and review of published data. Amateur jump racing was seen to have the highest fall risk in these three countries (between 115 and 140 falls/1000 rides). Jump racing also had the highest rates of injury/ride amongst both amateur a...

The contribution of amateur scientists to the International Geophysical Year (IGY) was substantial, especially in the arena of spotting artificial satellites. This article examines how Fred L. Whipple and his colleagues recruited satellite spotters for Moonwatch, a program for amateur scientists initiated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO) in 1956. At the same time, however, the...

The Portland State Aerospace Society (PSAS) is a small, low-budget amateur aerospace group. PSAS is currently developing medium-sized sub-orbital rockets with the eventual goal of inserting nanosatellites (satellites that weigh less than 10 kg) into orbit. Because achieving orbit requires a navigation system able to guide the rocket along an orbital trajectory, PSAS is pioneering an open source...

Although most people think of Text Messaging as a recent phenomenon, they do not realize that amateur radio has had text messaging for over a century. This was recently well demonstrated on the Tonight Show with Jay Leno when two old hams using CW beat the socks off of two hip teenagers using text messaging on their cell phones. [0] Even though CW has yielded some turf to newer digital modes, a...

This paper discusses results of the recent experiments, which intention was to test security in accessing e-mail servers and radio relay systems within the amateur radio digital infrastructure. There are many opportunities in available safety measures, which support the integrity of user's and system administrator's credentials. This work suggests various methods which aim is to bridge the gap ...

boxing is the favorite sport for adult adolescents and lay people. but the harshness of this sport and the possibility of injury to the head has led to many criticism from religious, medical and athletic assciations. the purpose of the present study was to answer this question: does amateur boxing lead to neuropsychological impairments ? in order to study the short-term and long-term efects of ...