In this paper, a new SCTP congestion control mechanism is introduced in multi-homing mode. Congestion in each route can be avoided or can be controlled, based on an Active Queue Management (AQM) method. Also, routers compute probability of congestion for the sources on the paths and then notify them. Therefore, the sources can adjust their sending rates on each path effectively and if necessary...

Progressive collapse is defined as the spread of an initial failure from element to element, eventually resulting in the collapse of an entire structure or a disproportionately large part of it. The current progressive collapse analyses and design methods in guidelines and codes focus on the alternate load path method. This method is suitable especially in the case of blast-induced progressive ...

This paper proposes a simple path diversity algorithm (SPDA) for Inter domain routing. The SPDA uses source routing to find an alternate path from a source to a destination, and allows flexible division of traffic over the best and alternate path. The SPDA comprises three steps. First, the BGP protocol is extended to allow the BGP routing table to save the multiple paths for any destination. Se...

In this paper, we have proposed a restricted shared protection (RSP) scheme that provides restriction on the sharing of some of the backup light paths to increase the reliability of the protection in optical network. From the reliability theory, we have proved that the reliability in RSP network is more than that of existing shared protection (SP) network. As failure rate increases, the reliabi...

In this study, leaching experiments were carried out by both continuous and alternate ponding methodsin the south of Khouzestan province. In equal applied water leaching, alternate ponding leachingmodel had a better performance than continuous ponding method in desalinization and dealkalization.In term of alternate method,there was not ayn difference between 5 and 8 day periods in one-meterdept...

This paper will describe the development and implementation of mobile ad-hoc tactical networks using adaptive routing algorithm and Common Channel Signaling (CCS) scheme which plays an important role in the delivery of survivable networks. We analyze the compatibility of alternate path routing and non-alternate path routing in mesh type ad-hoc network using flood search routing algorithm. And w...

This paper presents a secure alternate path routing in sensor networks. Our alternate path scheme makes the routing protocol resilient in the presence of malicious nodes that launch selective forwarding attacks. SeRINS (a Secure alternate path Routing IN Sensor networks) detects and isolates the compromised nodes, which try to inject inconsistent routing information, from the network by neighbo...

Alternate Reality Games (ARGs) are a new genre of transmedia practice where players collaboratively hunt for clues, make sense of disparate information, and solve puzzles to advance an ever-changing narrative that is woven into the fabric of the real world. This paper highlights the potential for ARGs to promote 21 Century literacy skills. We propose a meta-level framework for 21 century litera...

Gamication—the use of game mechanics in conventionally nongame activities— has received attention in the eld of education. Games, however, are not reducible to the common mechanisms of gamication that target extrinsic motivation, and may also include elements such as role playing, world making, and collective storytelling. Here, the authors discuss the potential learning benets of largescal...