The objective of this paper is to describe and analyze a series of nonlinear finite element analyses used to compare three design methods for locally slender, braced, steel beams and columns. The three design methods are: (i) the hot-rolled steel AISC Specification, (ii) the coldformed steel AISI Specification which uses the effective width method throughout, and (iii) the cold-formed steel Dir...

In order to optimize the hot forming process of tool steels, further improvement of flow stress prediction and additional knowledge on hot deformability, especially at lower and upper limits of the hot working range, are required. The hot working ranges for these steels are very narrow as a consequence of the role of alloying elements, which form carbides. Carbides improve tool steel’s hardenab...

Hot working tool steel (AISI H13) is one of the most common die materials used in casting industries. A suffers from damage due to friction and wear during its lifetime. Therefore, various methods have been developed for repair save costs manufacture a new one. great benefit laser additive manufacturing (cladding) 3D high production rate with minimal influence thermal stresses comparison conven...

Abstract In this work, the borided layers were produced on AISI H13 steel via solid boriding with a powders mixture containing 90 wt.% B 4 C and 10 NaBF for treatment times of 2-6 h at 900, 950 1000 °C. The microscopic observations revealed less pronounced toothed interface between layer transition zone. XRD studies indicated presence dual phase boride (FeB/Fe 2 B) besides chromium vanadium bor...

There are many industries where austenitic stainless steel needs to be welded specially in power generation industries. Unfortunately the austenitic stainless welding has several fabrication and metallurgical drawbacks when welded by using conventional fusion welding methods, which can often leads to in-service failure. The most pronounced fabrication faults are hot cracks due to inadvertent us...

Abstract Electron beam powder bed fusion (E-PBF) is a well-known additive manufacturing process. Components are realized based on layer-by-layer melting of metal powder. Due to the high degree design freedom, came into focus tooling industry, especially for tools with sophisticated internal cooling channels. The present work focuses relationships between processing, microstructure evolution, ch...