Cosmic rays have valuable information about universe surroundings us. Finding energy, mass and arrival direction of primary cosmic ray particle are the most important aspects of extensive air shower studies. In order to determine these parameters, arrival direction and core position of extensive air showers should be determined at first. In this article, a new method has been introduced that ut...

This is the summary of a week of very informative presentations on new ways to probe the Universe using gravitational detectors, space and ground based gamma ray telescopes, EeV air shower detectors and neutrino telescopes. Gamma ray bursts and active galaxies were hot theoretical themes in the multi-wavelength discussions.

swelling urban populations and increasing number of industry and especially automobiles in and around cities have resulted in adverse effect on human health. one of the most important things regarding air pollution in these days is that the number of motor vehicles has increased, and the resulting problems of new types of air pollution on large scale need to be emphasized in large cities.the gr...

We have used Monte Carlo simulations to investigate the capabilities of a giant air shower observatory designed to detect showers initiated by cosmic rays with energies exceeding 10 19 eV. The observatory is to consist of an array of detectors that will characterise the air shower at ground level, and optical detectors to measure the uorescence light emitted by the shower in the atmosphere. Usi...

In this paper we present a prototype of a Strip Resistive Thick GEM (S-RETGEM) photosensitive gaseous detector filled with Ne and ethylferrocene (EF) vapours at a total pressure of 1 atm for an early forest fire detection system. Tests show that it is one hundred times more sensitive than the best commercial ultraviolet (UV) flame detectors; and therefore, it is able to reliably detect a flame ...

The objective of this work was to investigate preliminary design criteria of automatic fire alarm systems for some places with high flow velocity, e.g., exits of large underground car parks, the air outlets of large air conditioner etc. In addition, another main motivation of this research is to evaluate the appropriateness of Chinese standard which states that photoelectrics should be used in ...

In recent times, ionizing radiation has been used around the world to screen persons for non-medical purposes, namely to detect bulk explosives or other contraband hidden on the body including materials not registered by metal detectors. In contrast to conventional transmission or projection imaging, backscatter and forward-scatter systems employ a "flying spot" of x rays and large-area detecto...

background: estimating dosimetric parameters for small fields under non-reference conditions leads to significant errors if done based on conventional protocols used for large fields in reference conditions. hence, further correction factors have been introduced to take into account the influence of spectral quality changes when various detectors are used in non-reference conditions at differen...

a four year long research programme divided into four phases has been designed for the first time to assess the combined noise-air quality and combined exposure to noise-air pollution at the curbside open-air microenvironment of kolkata city, india. the results and the findings of the different phases of study had already been published. the objective of the review work is to fuse the findings ...