Quercus rotundifolia Lam., known as holm oak or evergreen oak, occurs naturally in the western Mediterranean region, mainly part of agroforestry agrosilvopastoral systems Portugal (“montado”) and Spain (“dehesa”), is economically important for acorn production. Less attention has been given to Q. wood, its density variability not known, namely related tree growth. The wood 20 trees was measured...

Circular food systems are increasingly acknowledged for their potential to contribute the transition towards sustainable futures. In a circular system, use of finite and limited resources is minimized, nutrients in residual streams inedible biomass humans reused as inputs bioeconomy. Livestock has become relevant this narrative upcycling contained by-products grass into nutritious without using...

Abstract This research analyzed the variables that contribute to self-organization within general framework for analysing sustainability of socioecological systems (SES). In our case study, a correlation analysis showed 80% community in relation key resource: family land. There was evidence land use transition, initially dependent on agrosilvopastoral system, towards diverse economic activities...

Agroforestry is often seen as a panacea that offers multiple environmental, economic, and social benefits. However, the validity of generalized statements on agroforestry outcomes doubtful because evidence base unclear. Systematic reviews meta-analyses exist topic in addition to many case studies address specific individual practices at different sites. overall picture available scientific rema...

The Arribes del Duero region spans the border of both Spain and Portugal along River. On sides border, boasts unique human-influenced ecosystems. borderland landscape is dotted with numerous villages that have a history maintaining managing an agrosilvopastoral use land. Unfortunately, in recent decades has suffered from massive outmigration, resulting significant rural abandonment. Consequentl...